ਇੰਟੀਗ੍ਰੇਟਿਡ ਅਥਾਰਟੀ ਫਾਈਲ

ਇਸ ਹਿੱਸੇ/ਲੇਖ ਨੂੰ ਪੰਜਾਬੀ ਵਿੱਚ ਅਨੁਵਾਦ ਕਰਨ ਦੀ ਜਰੂਰਤ ਹੈ ਹੈ। ਤੁਸੀਂ ਇਸਦਾ ਪੰਜਾਬੀ ਵਿੱਚ ਅਨੁਵਾਦ ਕਰਕੇ ਵਿਕੀਪੀਡੀਆ ਦੀ ਮਦਦ ਕਰ ਸਕਦੇ ਹੋ।

GND screenshot

The Integrated Authority File (ਜਰਮਨ: Gemeinsame Normdatei, also known as: Universal Authority File) or GND is an international authority file for the organisation of personal names, subject headings and corporate bodies from catalogues. It is used mainly for documentation in libraries and increasingly also by archives and museums. The GND is managed by the German National Library in cooperation with various regional library networks in German-speaking Europe and other partners. The GND falls under the Creative Commons Zero (CC0) license.

The GND specification provides a hierarchy of high-level entities and sub-classes, useful in library classification, and an approach to unambiguous identification of single elements. It also comprises an ontology intended for knowledge representation in the semantic web, available in the RDF format.

The Integrated Authority File became operational in April 2012 and integrates the content of the following authority files which have since been discontinued:

• Name Authority File (German: Personennamendatei; PND)
• Corporate Bodies Authority File (German: Gemeinsame Körperschaftsdatei; GKD)
• Subject Headings Authority File (German: Schlagwortnormdatei; SWD)
• Uniform Title File of the Deutsches Musikarchiv (German: Einheitssachtitel-Datei des Deutschen Musikarchivs; DMA-EST)

At the time of its introduction ("GND-Grundbestand" from 5 April 2012), the GND holds 9,493,860 files, including 2,650,000 personalized names.

ਇਹ ਵੀ ਵੇਖੋ

• Library of Congress Name Authority File
• Web NDL Authorities
• LIBRIS
• Virtual International Authority File

ਬਾਹਰੀ ਕੜੀਆਂ

• Information pages about the GND from the German National Library
• Search via OGND (Bibliotheksservice-Zentrum Baden-Württemberg)
• Bereitstellung des ersten GND-Grundbestandes Archived 2012-05-26 at WebCite DNB, 19 April 2012
• From Authority Control to Linked Authority Data Archived 2016-03-03 at the Wayback Machine. Presentation given by Reinhold Heuvelmann (German National Library) to the ALA MARC Formats Interest Group, June 2012