ਮਦਦ:ਵੀਅਤਨਾਮੀ ਲਈ IPA

The charts below show the way in which the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA) represents Vietnamese language pronunciations in Wikipedia articles. There are two major standards, one of Hanoi and one of Saigon. Each makes distinctions that the other does not; represented here are the central dialects that make the distinctions of both. Following the examples are common alternate transcriptions of these sounds in the IPA for comparison.

See Vietnamese phonology for a more thorough look at the sounds of Vietnamese.

Consonants   IPA   Examples English approximation ʔ - uh-oh ɓ ba [ʔb] bee c chè [tɕ] (Saigon final [t] after e/i/y ) cheese (unaspirated) ɗ đi [ʔd] day f phở fight h hàng high j tây; mai (may follow all vowels but e/i/y ) yellow k cô, kem sky l là low m mai my n nam (Saigon final [ŋ] after a/o/u ) no ɲ nh (Saigon final [n] after after e/i/y ) roughly like onion ŋ nga singer p đáp sport s xa so ʂ s (Hanoi [s]) show t tây (Saigon final [k] after o/u ) stop tʰ thầy top ʈʂ tra [ʈ] (Hanoi [c]) choose (unaspirated) v v (Saigon [j]) van w câu (Hanoi initial [ʔw]) (may follow all vowels but a/o/u ) we x khô (Saigon [kʰ]) loch (Scottish English) ɣ ga (before a/o/u ), gh (before e/i/y ) roughly like go z da; già (Saigon [j]) zero ʐ ra (Hanoi [z]) pleasure

Monophthongs IPA Examples English approximation a ăn [ɐ] cut aː ba [ɐː] cat e về day ɛ xe set ə ân [ɜ] person əː bơ [ɤː] sir (British English) i khi, quy see ɨ tư [ɯ] roughly like good o cô roughly like law (British English) ɔ có law u ru too Diphthongs IPA Examples English approximation iə viên, bia idea ɨə xương, chưa [ɯə] [ɨ] followed by [ə] uə uống, mua sure (British English) ʲ (see /j/ above) ʷ (see /w/ above) Tones IPA Examples a ə a (Hanoi [˧], Saigon [˧]) â ə̂ à (Hanoi [˧˩], Saigon [˧˩]) ǎ ə̌ á (Hanoi [˧˥], Saigon [˧˥]) a᷉ ə᷉ ả (Hanoi [˧˩˧], Saigon [˧˩˧]) ǎˀ ə̌ˀ ã (Hanoi [˧ˀ˥], Saigon [˧˩˧]) âˀ ə̂ˀ ạ (Hanoi [˧ˀ˩], Saigon [˧˩˧ˀ]) ə́k ấc (Hanoi [˥], Saigon [˥]) ə̀k ậc (Hanoi [˨], Saigon [˨])