ਵਿਕੀਪੀਡੀਆ:ਵਿਕੀ ਲਈ ਸਰੋਤ ਵੇਖੋ

{{dablink|For keyboard shortcuts, see [[Wikipedia:Keyboard shortcuts]].}}
{{Redirect|WP:SHORT|short citations|WP:CITESHORT}}
{{pp-semi-vandalism|small=yes}}{{pp-move-indef}}
{{subcat guideline|editing guideline|Shortcut|WP:SC|WP:SHORT}}
{{Guideline list}}{{Linking and page manipulation|linking and diffs}}

A '''shortcut''' is a specialized type of [[Wikipedia:Redirect|redirect page]] that provides an abbreviated [[wikilink]] to a project page or one of its sections, usually from the '''[[Wikipedia:Project namespace|Wikipedia namespace]]'''. They are commonly used on community pages and talk pages, but should not be used in articles themselves. If there is a shortcut for a page or section, it is usually displayed in an information box labelled ''Shortcuts:'', as can be seen at the top of this page.

Shortcuts are created for the convenience of editors. It is possible to create a shortcut for any page at all. '''[[Wikipedia:Policies and guidelines#Adherence|The existence of a shortcut does not imply or prove that the linked page is a policy or guideline]].'''

==Quick reference==
Lists of available shortcuts can be found at:
* [[WP:WP]] / [[WP:CUTS]] = [[Wikipedia:List of shortcuts]]
* [[WP:WPR]] = [[Wikipedia:List of shortcuts/Project shortcuts]] 
* [[WT:WT]] = [[Wikipedia:Shortcuts to talk pages]]
* [[WP:PORTCUT]] = [[Wikipedia:List of shortcuts/Portal shortcuts]]
* On [[m:|Meta]], shortcuts start with '''WM:'''; the list is at [[m:WM:WM]].
* [[Special:PrefixIndex]] can be used to find uncategorized or unlisted pages starting with a given prefix. For example, [[Special:PrefixIndex/CAT:]] will find some category shortcuts.

== How to use a Wikipedia shortcut ==
A Wikipedia shortcut can be entered into the Wikipedia search box to quickly bring you to a project page. For example, you can type '''WP:R''' into the search box and then press the enter key (or click the magnifying glass icon), to get to the '''Wikipedia:Redirect''' page, instead of having to type in the complete phrase. 
 
Alternatively, you can use a shortcut in the [[URL]] in your browser's address bar. For example, you are currently viewing the '''Wikipedia:Shortcut''' page. The URL for this page is <span class="plainlinks">{{fullurl:Wikipedia:Shortcut}}<span>. You could then get from here to the '''Wikipedia:Redirect''' page by replacing '''Wikipedia:Shortcut''' with '''WP:R''' in the address bar, followed by pressing the enter key. (If your browser has relative URL entry, simply prefix the shortcut with <tt>./</tt> instead of having to edit the existing URL.)

Shortcuts are presented in all capital letters ([[ALL CAPS]]); however, the search box is [[case-insensitive]]. For example, in the search box, you can type '''wp:r''', instead of '''WP:R'''. However, when using the URL method (or when making [[Help:Link|links]]) it is necessary to match the capitalization of the shortcut itself.

==Readability==
Shortcuts are often used on talk pages in their abbreviated form, decreasing [[readability]] for the general reader. For example, some editors are familiar with the bulk of the [[WP:WP|Wikipedia namespace shortcuts]], recognizing what they stand for on sight. Others, however, are faced with pages full of incomprehensible jargon, the meaning of which is not immediately clear. Shortcuts also are sometimes (ab)used to make a [[WP:POINT]], best described by [[WP:WOTTA]].

To avoid these problems, a good practice when creating shortcuts is to choose common English words that are easily identifiable and memorable. Another good practice is to be mindful of the general reader and use meaningful terms when citing an obscure shortcut. For example, the  [[Wikipedia:piped link|piped link]]  <nowiki>[[WP:SHC|shortcuts]]</nowiki> gives readers an idea of the subject of the target page, while the bare abbreviation <nowiki>[[WP:SHC]]</nowiki> is unintelligible to those unfamiliar with the term.

It should also be remembered that shortcuts are a convenience, not a substitute for article titles. Shortcuts should not appear in [[WP:SEEALSO|"See also" sections]], [[WP:hatnote|hatnote]]s or any other place where an article title is expected.

==Link boxes==
{{see also cat|Wikipedia header templates}}
{{shortcut|WP:LINKBOXES|WP:2SHORTCUTS}}

Small link boxes, listing the names of the page's shortcuts, appear at the top of many pages, especially those on policies and guidelines. A shortcut link box can be added to a page, by placing the template '''{{Tlx|shortcut|WP:&lt;x&gt;}}''' at the top of the page's text, while editing.  

The point of these template boxes is not to list every single redirect for any given page (indeed, that's what [[Special:Whatlinkshere]] is for); instead, they generally should list only one or two common and easily remembered redirects.

[[Wikipedia:Policies and guidelines|Guideline]] pages with shortcuts pointing to them typically use '''{{Tlx|guideline|WP:&lt;x&gt;}}''' or the '''{{tl|subcat guideline}}''' template, such as on this page, instead of the shortcut template '''{{Tlx|shortcut}}'''. Another frequently used template is: '''{{Tlx|MoS-guideline|WP:&lt;x&gt;}}'''. 

To learn more about the different shortcut box templates and their functions, see documentation at {{tl|shortcut}}. Among other things, there are templates for making boxes flow to the left and now, anchors are automatically added, making it much simpler to link to a page section.

== Shortcut names ==
Shortcut names are almost always in uppercase.

A shortcut is typically named using the following convention:

:{{code|PREFIX:SUFFIX}}

In the above form, the prefix is typically one of the prefixes in the following section, and the suffix is an [[Acronym and initialism|acronym]] or [[Wikipedia:Manual of Style (abbreviations)|abbreviation]] of the redirect target.  However quite a lot are simply [[WP:BAD]].

If the target is a [[Help:subpage|sub-page]], the following conventions are common (where 'Y' is an additional sequence of uppercase characters or numerals):

:{{code|PREFIX:SUFFIX/Y}}

::For example, [[P:HVNY/DYK]] is a shortcut to [[Portal:Hudson Valley/Did you know]], which is a subpage of [[Portal:Hudson Valley]], which has a shortcut [[P:HVNY]].

::[[WP:ACC/P]] is a shortcut to [[Wikipedia:Request an account/Procedures]], which is a subpage of [[Wikipedia:Request an account]], which has a shortcut [[WP:ACC]].

:{{code|PREFIX:SUFFIXY}}

::For example, [[WP:AFDLT]] is a shortcut to [[Wikipedia:Articles for deletion/Log/Today]], which is a subpage of [[Wikipedia:Articles for deletion]], which has the shortcut [[WP:AFD]].

Shortcuts that do not follow the above naming convention are discouraged, and are typically deleted.

The directory of shortcuts contains several conflicts for prefixes of subpages, often caused by a shortcut being 're-targeted' (modified to point to a new target page) without the shortcuts to subpages also being re-targeted.

::For example, [[WP:CJ]] was originally used for [[Wikipedia:Community Justice]], and several shortcuts for subpages were created ([[WP:CJ/E]] & [[WP:CJ/M/1]]).  After several years, 'WP:CJ' was updated to point to [[Wikipedia:Centijimbos]], but the subpage shortcuts have not changed.

Before creating a shortcut, use [[Special:PrefixIndex]] to ensure that the same prefix is not being used for different purposes.  e.g. [[Special:PrefixIndex/WP:CJ|WP:CJ]] has several existing uses.  No additional confusion would be caused by creating a shortcut WP:CJQ, however creating a shortcut WP:CJ/Q would be adding to the existing mess.  There is a long-standing feature request to resolve shortcut subpages automatically. (See {{phab|T14980}}.)

Prefixes that shouldn't be used for other purposes include:
* [[Special:PrefixIndex/WP:NC|WP:NC]] - naming conventions
* [[Special:PrefixIndex/WP:AFD|WP:AFD]] - articles for deletion

Other prefixes have become common for a set of pages include:
* [[Special:PrefixIndex/WP:N|WP:N]] - naming conventions

== List of prefixes ==

=== Namespace aliases ===
The following [[Wikipedia:Namespace#Aliases|namespace aliases]] are automatically translated by the Wikipedia servers.

{| class="wikitable"
| style="width: 8em" | WP: || style="width: 15em" | Wikipedia:
|-
| WT: || Wikipedia talk:
|-
| Project:  || Wikipedia:
|-
| Project talk:  || Wikipedia talk:
|-
| Image:  || File:
|-
| Image talk:  || File talk:
|}

They are case-insensitive (so '''wp:''' or '''wP:''' or '''Wp:''' have the same meaning as '''WP:''').  For example, both [[WP:TS]] and [[wp:TS]] link directly to [[Wikipedia:TS]].

=== Pseudo-namespaces ===
When the shortcut does not use one of the namespace aliases listed above (WP or WT), it is a [[Wikipedia:Cross-namespace redirect|cross-namespace redirect]] and is case-sensitive.

However, when a prefix is used by multiple shortcuts, and has broad community support, it is referred to as a [[Wikipedia:Namespace#Pseudo-namespaces|pseudo-namespace]] to distinguish these shortcuts from other cross-namespace redirects. (Note that the term "[[mw:pseudo-namespace|pseudo-namespace]]" is also used to refer to namespaces without content that are provided by the MediaWiki software and extensions, such as Special:, Media:, Feedback:)

The following prefixes may be used freely for the target listed.

{| class="wikitable"
|-
! style="width: 8em" | Prefix !! style="width: 15em" | Target
|-
| [[Special:Prefixindex/CAT:|CAT:]] || Category:
|-
| [[Special:Prefixindex/H:|H:]] || Help:
|-
| [[Special:Prefixindex/MOS:|MOS:]] || Wikipedia:Manual of Style
|-
| [[Special:Prefixindex/P:|P:]] || Portal:
|}

Other prefixes do not enjoy the same level of community support.  It is disputed whether they should be deemed to be pseudo-namespaces.

The following prefixes are used for limited or specific uses only.

{| class="wikitable"
| style="width: 8em" | [[Special:Prefixindex/T:|T:]] || style="width: 15em" | Template:
|-
| [[Special:Prefixindex/MP:|MP:]] || Main Page
|}

The following prefixes do not enjoy broad community support.

{| class="wikitable"
|-
| [[Special:PrefixIndex/WikiProject:|WikiProject:]]<br/>[[Special:PrefixIndex/Wikiproject:|Wikiproject:]] || Wikipedia:WikiProject
|-
| [[Special:Prefixindex/MoS:|MoS:]]<br/>[[Special:Prefixindex/Mos:|Mos:]] || Wikipedia:Manual of Style
|}

In addition to the above, WikiProjects have shortcuts using spaces in the title.
The following naming conventions are common:
{| class="wikitable"
|-
| style="width: 8em" | [[Special:Prefixindex/WikiProject |WikiProject]]<br/>[[Special:Prefixindex/Wikiproject |Wikiproject]] || style="width: 15em" | Wikipedia:WikiProject
|}

Portals also use spaces in shortcuts.  The most common shortcut format is "X portal" to Portal:X, however "[[Special:Prefixindex/Portal|Portal]]&nbsp;X" is also sometimes used.

''Note:'' The links in the table go to a page where the term ''prefix'' is not used in the meaning as it has in this section.  Rather the term ''prefix'' there means, as it does for [[H:S#Syntax|the search parameter]], ''the beginning string of characters in a title'', whether that string ends before, during or after the colon character in a page name.

'''Note:''' There are other instances of cross-namespace redirects which use similar naming conventions to the above that are not considered to be shortcuts for the purposes of this guideline, such as [[Special:Prefixindex/List of subjects in Gray's Anatomy:|List of subjects in Gray's Anatomy:]].

==How to create a shortcut==

:'''''Note:''' The following is an example. The shortcut WP:TS already exists.''

Say you want to create the shortcut {{code|WP:TS}} to an existing page, [[Wikipedia:Template standardisation]]. Create a new page, {{code|Wikipedia:TS}}, and in it place the single line: 

:{{code|<nowiki>#REDIRECT [[Wikipedia:Template standardisation]] {{R from shortcut}}</nowiki>}}

The resulting shortcut will be [[WP:TS]].

If you're creating a shortcut to a '''category''', you need to insert an additional colon (":") at the beginning of the link, as in the following.

:{{code|<nowiki>#REDIRECT [[:Category:Redirects from shortcuts]] {{R from shortcut}}</nowiki>}}

The template {{tlx|R from shortcut}} must always be included in a redirect. It records that the redirect is a shortcut, and auto-categorizes it into [[:Category:Redirects from shortcuts]]. (See [[Wikipedia:Template messages/Redirect pages]] for more information on categories of redirects.)

Many shortcuts are [[Acronym and initialism|acronyms]]; others are [[Wikipedia:Manual of Style (abbreviations)|abbreviations]]; quite a lot are simply [[WP:BAD]].

== Changing shortcuts ==
{{Shortcut|WP:Changing shortcuts}}
Technically that's easy. All it takes is to click on the shortcut wherever it is, on the page it leads to (a shortcut is a redirect) click on the "redirected from" link (forcing {{code|<nowiki>&amp;redirect=no</nowiki>}}), edit the target {{code|<nowiki>#REDIRECT [[Wikipedia:Whatever]]</nowiki>}}, then add {{Tlx|R from shortcut}} if that expression doesn't already appear.

Before changing a shortcut, consider its existing usage:
# If you wish to usurp an existing shortcut that's already in use, you should take into account how active its target page is. For example, if you just created a WikiProject, and want a specific shortcut for it, but the one you want is already in use by another WikiProject, it's generally recommended to post a message on that project's talk page asking the members if you may usurp their shortcut link, even if the project is tagged as {{tlp|WikiProject status|inactive}}.
# Above all check the shortcut backlinks with "what links here"; changing a shortcut used elsewhere can be highly disruptive. If you do change a shortcut under these circumstances, you should be sure to change it in the pages that linked to it as well, so that they link to the old target. If they were used in any [[WP:XFD|closed deletion discussions]], it is not a good idea then to change the redirect because these discussions cannot be edited.
# If it has no backlink folks might still use it directly with search forms, if you're not 100% sure that the old target is unused; so ask about it on the shortcut's talk page.
# For controversial cases, go to [[Wikipedia:Requests for comment]].

After changing a shortcut, there are other pages which may need to be updated:
# If the shortcut is already listed on [[Wikipedia:List of shortcuts]] or a similar list like [[Wikipedia:Shortcuts to talk pages]], please update that entry showing the new target page.
# If the old target page mentions its shortcut, then that also should be updated, typically in {{Tlx|Shortcut}} or similar [[:Category:Wikipedia header templates|Wikipedia header templates]].

== Limitations ==
Redirects (including shortcuts) to pages on other projects and [[WP:special pages|special pages]] won't work—this formerly supported feature was abused and hence it has been disabled.  The software will display the redirect page instead of redirecting the user to the target.

Some redirects to other projects and special pages use {{tl|soft redirect}}; however, shortcuts that are a soft redirect will appear in the pool of pages that are selected by [[Special:Random]].  Soft redirects are categorised into [[:Category:Wikipedia soft redirects]].

== See also ==
* [[Wikipedia:Cross-namespace redirects]]
* [[Wikipedia:List of shortcuts]]
* [[Wikipedia:List of shortcuts/Project shortcuts]] (WP:WPR) &mdash; WikiProjects and Projects list of shortcuts.
* [[Wikipedia:Shortcuts to talk pages]] (WP:WT) &mdash; all 'Wikipedia talk:' namespace (namespace 5) talk pages.
* [[WP:WOTTA]], on what NOT to do
* [[Wikipedia:WikiProject Shortcuts]]
* [[m:WM:WM]], shortcuts on Meta
* [[:Category:Redirects from shortcuts]]
* [[Wikipedia:Database reports/Cross-namespace redirects]]

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