ਆਕਸਫ਼ੋਰਡ ਅੰਗਰੇਜ਼ੀ ਸ਼ਬਦਕੋਸ਼

ਆਕਸਫ਼ੋਰਡ ਅੰਗਰੇਜ਼ੀ ਸ਼ਬਦਕੋਸ਼ (ਅੰਗਰੇਜ਼ੀ: Oxford English Dictionary, OED) ਅੰਗਰੇਜ਼ੀ ਭਾਸ਼ਾ ਦਾ ਇੱਕ ਸ਼ਬਦਕੋਸ਼ ਜੋ ਆਕਸਫ਼ੋਰਡ ਯੂਨੀਵਰਸਿਟੀ ਪ੍ਰੈੱਸ ਦੁਆਰਾ ਛਾਪਿਆ ਜਾਂਦਾ ਹੈ।^[1] ਇਹ ਅੰਗਰੇਜ਼ੀ ਭਾਸ਼ਾ ਦੇ ਇਤਿਹਾਸਕ ਵਿਕਾਸ ਤੇ ਝਲਕ ਪਾਉਂਦਾ ਹੈ, ਵਿਦਵਾਨ ਅਤੇ ਅਕਾਦਮਿਕ ਖੋਜਕਾਰਨ ਲਈ ਇੱਕ ਵਿਆਪਕ ਸਰੋਤ ਮੁਹੱਈਆ ਕਰਾਉਂਦਾ ਹੈ, ਅਤੇ ਸੰਸਾਰ ਭਰ ਦੇ ਬਹੁਤ ਸਾਰੇ ਉਪਯੋਗਿਕ ਫਰਕਾਂ ਦੀ ਜਾਣਕਾਰੀ ਦਿੰਦਾ ਹੈ।^[2]^[3] ਦੂਜਾ ਏਡੀਸ਼ਨ 1989 ਵਿੱਚ ਛਾਪਿਆ ਗਿਆ ਗਿਆ ਸੀ ਅਤੇ ਉਸ ਦੀਆਂ 20 ਕਿਤਾਬਾਂ ਵਿੱਚ 21,728 ਸਫ਼ੇ ਸਨ.

ਟਿੱਪਣੀ[ਸੋਧੋ]

↑ "Guide to the Third Edition of the OED". Oxford University Press. Archived from the original on 6 ਸਤੰਬਰ 2015. Retrieved 30 August 2014. The Oxford English Dictionary is not an arbiter of proper usage, despite its widespread reputation to the contrary. The Dictionary is intended to be descriptive, not prescriptive. In other words, its content should be viewed as an objective reflection of English language usage, not a subjective collection of usage 'dos' and 'don'ts'.
↑ "As a historical dictionary, the OED is very different from those of current English, in which the focus is on present-day meanings." [1]
↑ "The OED is a historical dictionary, with a structure that is very different from that of a dictionary of current English."[2] Archived 2015-09-05 at the Wayback Machine.

ਹੋਰ ਪੜ੍ਹਨ ਲਈ [ਸੋਧੋ]

Willinsky, John (1995), Empire of Words: The Reign of the Oxford English Dictionary (hardcover), Princeton University Press, ISBN 0-691-03719-1
Green, Jonathon; Cape, Jonathan (1996), Chasing the Sun: Dictionary Makers and the Dictionaries They Made (hardcover), ISBN 0-224-04010-3
Winchester, Simon (1998), The Professor and the Madman: A Tale of Murder, Insanity, and the Making of the Oxford English Dictionary (hardcover), Harper Collins, ISBN 0-06-017596-6
Winchester, Simon (2003), The Meaning of Everything: The Story of the Oxford English Dictionary (hardcover), Oxford University Press, ISBN 0-19-860702-4
Gilliver, Peter; Marshall, Jeremy; Weiner, Edmund (2006), The Ring of Words: Tolkien and the Oxford English Dictionary (hardcover), Oxford University Press, ISBN 0-19-861069-6
Brewer, Charlotte (2007), Treasure-House of the Language: the Living OED (hardcover), Yale University Press, ISBN 978-0-300-12429-3.
Kite, Lorien (15 November 2013), "The evolving role of the Oxford English Dictionary", Financial Times (online edition). Retrieved 24 November 2013.

ਬਾਹਰੀ ਕੜੀਆਂ[ਸੋਧੋ]

The Oxford English Dictionary's official website
- Archive of documents, including
  - Trench's original "On some deficiencies in our English Dictionaries" Archived 2016-05-08 at the Wayback Machine. paper
  - Murray's original appeal for readers Archived 2016-05-08 at the Wayback Machine.
- Their page of OED statistics Archived 2016-05-08 at the Wayback Machine., and another such page Archived 2008-10-06 at the Wayback Machine..
- Two sample pagesPDF (1.54MB)PDF(1.54MB) from the OED.
The Oxford Dictionaries Online Archived 2013-12-04 at the Wayback Machine. by the Oxford University Press
Examining the OED Archived 2005-11-18 at the Wayback Machine.: Charlotte Brewer's analysis of the principles and practices used by OED editors
- [https://web.archive.org/web/20140901051605/http://oed.hertford.ox.ac.uk/main/content/view/24/169/ Archived 2014-09-01 at the Wayback Machine. Bibliography of "[c]ritical assessments of OED or accounts of its history"], from Examining the OED
[https://web.archive.org/web/20130114224928/http://around.com/oed.html Archived 2013-01-14 at the Wayback Machine. The OED Meets Cyberspace]: James Gleick's 2006 article.
A New English Dictionary on Historical Principles (OED-1). [https://web.archive.org/web/20120301133817/https://docs.google.com/Doc?id=dgxwtw72_33q3bxncg4 Archived 2012-03-01 at the Wayback Machine. Volume Index] or all volumes at Internet Archive (free online access to older edition)
A New English Dictionary on Historical Principles (OED-1) some volumes available free on line at HathiTrust:
- A–Axiform
- Axifugal–B
- C
- D–Dizen
- Dizener–E
- F–G
- H–K
- L–Mellithus
- Meliot–N
- S–Shy
Simon Winchester (27 May 2007). [https://web.archive.org/web/20080216045839/http://www.tvo.org/podcasts/bi/audio/BISimonWinchester052707.mp3 Archived 2008-02-16 at the Wayback Machine. "History of the Oxford English Dictionary"]. TVOntario (Podcast). Big Ideas. Retrieved 1 December 2007.

[1] "Guide to the Third Edition of the OED". Oxford University Press. Archived from the original on 6 ਸਤੰਬਰ 2015. Retrieved 30 August 2014. The Oxford English Dictionary is not an arbiter of proper usage, despite its widespread reputation to the contrary. The Dictionary is intended to be descriptive, not prescriptive. In other words, its content should be viewed as an objective reflection of English language usage, not a subjective collection of usage 'dos' and 'don'ts'.

[2] "As a historical dictionary, the OED is very different from those of current English, in which the focus is on present-day meanings." [1]

[3] "The OED is a historical dictionary, with a structure that is very different from that of a dictionary of current English."[2] Archived 2015-09-05 at the Wayback Machine.

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