ਮਦਦ:ਇਸਤੋਨੀਆਈ ਅਤੇ ਫ਼ਿਨਲੈਂਡੀ ਲਈ IPA

The charts below show the way in which the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA) represents Estonian and Finnish pronunciations in Wikipedia articles. See Finnish phonology and Estonian phonology for a more thorough look at the sounds of these languages.

IPA	Examples	English approximation
Consonants
[[ਫਰਮਾ:IPAsym\|d]]	Finnish ladot	ladder
[[ਫਰਮਾ:IPAsym\|h]]	hevonen	horse
[[ਫਰਮਾ:IPAsym\|j]]	joulu	yoyo
[[ਫਰਮਾ:IPAsym\|k]]	kala	scold
[[ਫਰਮਾ:IPAsym\|l]]	laulu	lack
lʲ^[1]	Estonian only [] Error: {{Lang}}: no text (help)	leep
[[ਫਰਮਾ:IPAsym\|m]]	metsä	mocha
[[ਫਰਮਾ:IPAsym\|n]]	nenä	nanny
nʲ^[1]	Estonian only [] Error: {{Lang}}: no text (help)	new
[[ਫਰਮਾ:IPAsym\|p]]	puu	spill
[[ਫਰਮਾ:IPAsym\|r]]	rauta	rolled r
[[ਫਰਮਾ:IPAsym\|s]]	sinä	sole
sʲ^[1]	Estonian only [] Error: {{Lang}}: no text (help)	super (some dialects)
[[ਫਰਮਾ:IPAsym\|t]]	tina	stand
tʲ^[1]	Estonian only [] Error: {{Lang}}: no text (help)	tune
[[ਫਰਮਾ:IPAsym\|ʋ]]	viha	Between v and w
Stress
[[ਫਰਮਾ:IPAsym\|ˈ]]	hevonen	(placed on the first syllable)

IPA	Examples	English approximation
Vowels
[[ਫਰਮਾ:IPAsym\|ɑ]]	pouta	Same as but shorter than a in father
ɑː	poutaa	father
[[ਫਰਮਾ:IPAsym\|æ]]	pöytä	cat
æː	päivää	mad
[[ਫਰਮਾ:IPAsym\|e]]^[2]	tere	let
eː^[2]	eesti	émigré
[[ਫਰਮਾ:IPAsym\|i]]	klid	kid
iː	siika	see
[[ਫਰਮਾ:IPAsym\|o]]^[2]	oksa	chore
oː^[2]	koostaa	No English equivalent, similar to French bureau
[[ਫਰਮਾ:IPAsym\|ø]]^[2]	pöytä	Similar to RP word or bird, Swedish öl,
øː^[2]	säröön	Similar to RP bird, German schön
[[ਫਰਮਾ:IPAsym\|ɤ]]	Estonian only: õlu	Similar to (oʊ) in Estonia, code, boat, goal, bone, go
ɤː	Estonian only: õõnsus	Same as above but longer
[[ਫਰਮਾ:IPAsym\|u]]	surma	wood
uː	suu	coop
[[ਫਰਮਾ:IPAsym\|y]]	Finnish kesy Estonian küla	No English equivalent; similar to French tu, German füllen
yː	Finnish ryyppy Estonian rüüpa	No English equivalent; similar to French Lune, German führen

Finnish diphthongs[ਸੋਧੋ]

ai, au, äi, äy, ei, eu, oi, ou, öi, öy, ui, yi, iu, ie, uo, yö, (ey), (iy).

ae, ai, ao, au, äe, äi, äo, äu, ea, ei, eo, iu, oa, oe, oi, ou, õa, õe, õi, õo, õu, öa, öe, öi, ui, üi.

↑ ^1.0 ^1.1 ^1.2 ^1.3 In Estonian, the palatalized consonants, /tʲ nʲ sʲ lʲ/ are pronounced like their non-palatalized counterparts, but with constriction of the tongue towards the hard palate, as if pronouncing a simultaneous /j/.
↑ ^2.0 ^2.1 ^2.2 ^2.3 ^2.4 ^2.5 The open-mid vowels [ɛ œ ɔ] may also be seen for /e ø o/.