ਮਦਦ:ਕੋਰੀਆਈ ਲਈ IPA

The charts below show the way in which the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA) represents Korean language pronunciations in Wikipedia articles, based on the standard dialect of South Korea.

See Korean phonology for a more thorough look at the sounds of Korean.

Korean consonants IPA Hangul RR trans. English equivalent Notes b ㅂ b ball between voiced sounds ɕ ㅅ s she before [i] or [j] ɕ͈ ㅆ ss see before [i] or [j] d ㄷ d doll between voiced sounds dʑ ㅈ j gee between voiced sounds ɡ ㄱ g gall between voiced sounds h ㅎ h hall j ㅖ, ㅒ, ㅑ, ㅛ, ㅠ, ㅕ y y’all Spelled by doubling the short line on the vowel. k ㄱ, ㅋ g, k skin ㅋ is [k] at the end of a syllable. k͈ ㄲ kk — tense [k] kʰ ㅋ, ㅎㄱ k call l ㄹ, ㄴ l lip ㄹ is [l] at the end of a syllable. ㄹㄴ and ㄴㄹ may be [ll]. m ㅁ, ㅂ m mall ㅂ is [m] before [n] or [m]. n ㄴ, ㄹ, ㄷ, ㅅ, ㅈ n not ㄹ may be [n] at the start of a word. ㄷ, ㅅ, ㅈ are [n] before [n] or [m]. ŋ ㅇ, ㄱ ng king ㅇ is only [ŋ] at the end of a syllable. ㄱ is [ŋ] before [n], [m] or [ɾ] p ㅂ, ㅍ b, p span ㅍ is [p] at the end of a syllable. p͈ ㅃ pp — tense [p] pʰ ㅍ, ㅎㅂ p pall ɾ ㄹ r — A flap, like Scots r or American ladder, between vowels s ㅅ s Saul [s] with almost no sibilance s͈ ㅆ ss — tense [s] t ㄷ ㄷ, ㅌ, ㅅ, ㅈ, ㅊ d t stall All are [t] and RR t at the end of a syllable. t͈ ㄸ tt — tense [t] tʰ ㅌ, ㅎㄷ t tall tɕ ㅈ j itchy tɕ͈ ㅉ jj — tense [tɕ] tɕʰ ㅊ, ㅎㅈ ch cheek w ㅜ, ㅗ w wall spelled ㅜ before [ʌ], [e], [i]; ㅗ before [ɛ], [e],* [a] *ㅚ is pronounced [we] by most, but as the rounded ö vowel [ø] by some older speakers.

Korean vowels IPA Hangul RR trans. Notes a ㅏ a spa aː e ㅔ e Similar to the beginning of the diphthong in main eː ɛ ㅐ ae met; similar to e for young speakers. ɛː i ㅣ i mean iː o ㅗ o Spanish o or French eau oː u ㅜ u moon uː ʌ ㅓ eo young (these are pronounced [ɔ], as in more, in North Korea) əː ɯ ㅡ eu Separate sound in Standard Korean; similar to eo for many dialects. ɯː Korean diphthongs IPA Hangul RR trans. Notes ɰi ㅢ ui Only occurs in the first syllable of a word. Sounds not written in hangul IPA Explanation ː Long vowel. Long [ʌ] is əː. Young speakers in Seoul do not use length consistently, if at all.  ́ High tone, on any one syllable or the first two; used outside Seoul.

See also

• International Phonetic Alphabet
• Korean phonology
• Hangul
• Revised Romanization of Korean
• McCune–Reischauer

ਹਵਾਲੇ

• Sohn, Ho-min, (2001) "The Korean Language", Cambridge language surveys, Cambridge University Press, pp.1–4, ISBN 0521369436
• Lee, Hyun-Bok (2002) "Phonetic Notation in Phonetic Research" (음성의 연구와 음성의 표기법), In INTERSPEECH-2002

Bibliography

• IPA (1949, 51, etc.). "The Principles of IPA". London.
• Lee, H.B. (1971). "Preliminary Version of Korean Phonetic Alphabet" (in Korean), HanGeul Haghoe (the Korean Language SocietY), Seoul.
• Lee, H.B. (1981), "IPA and Korean Phonetic Alphabet" (in Korean), Gwahagsa, Seoul.
• Lee, H.B. (1992), "International Korean Phonetic Alphabet - Theory and Application-" .(in Korean) "Malsori" No. 21-24, The Phonetic Society of Korea.
• Lee, H.B. (1999), "International Korean Phonetic Alphabet for Computers", International Conference on the Computer Processing of Korean Language, Yanbi an, China.
• Lee, H.B. (1999). An IPA Illustration of Korean, Handbook of the International Phonetic Association. IPA.
• Lee, Hyun-Bok (1999) "Handbook of the International Phonetic Association: a guide to the use of the International Phonetic Alphabet", Cambridge University Press, pp.121–123 ISBN 0521637511
• Lee, Hyun-Bok (2004) "In search of a universal phonetic alphabet - theory and application of an organic visible speech-", In INTERSPEECH-2004, paper P3.
• Sohn, Ho-min, (2006) "Korean language in culture and society" KLEAR textbooks in Korean language, University of Hawaii Press, pp.4–5. ISBN 0824826949

External links

• The International Phonetic Association