ਹਾਰਵਰਡ ਯੂਨੀਵਰਸਿਟੀ

ਹਾਰਵਰਡ ਯੂਨੀਵਰਸਿਟੀ
Harvard University
	ਹਾਰਵਰਡ ਯੂਨੀਵਰਸਿਟੀ ਮੈਡੀਕਲ ਸਕੂਲ
	ਲਾਤੀਨੀ: [Universitas Harvardiana] Error: {{Lang}}: text has italic markup (help)
ਮਾਟੋ	Veritas
ਅੰਗ੍ਰੇਜ਼ੀ ਵਿੱਚ ਮਾਟੋ	ਸੱਚ
ਕਿਸਮ	ਨਿੱਜੀ
ਸਥਾਪਨਾ	1636
Endowment	$੩੨.੩ ਬਿਲੀਅਨ
ਪ੍ਰਧਾਨ	ਡਰੂ ਗਿਲਪਿਨ ਫ਼ੌਸਟ
ਵਿੱਦਿਅਕ ਅਮਲਾ	੪,੬੭੧
ਵਿਦਿਆਰਥੀ	੨੧,੦੦੦
ਅੰਡਰਗ੍ਰੈਜੂਏਟ]]	੭,੨੦੦ ਕੁੱਲ; ੬,੭੦੦ ਕਾਲਜ; ੫੦੦ ਹੋਰ
ਪੋਸਟ ਗ੍ਰੈਜੂਏਟ]]	੧੪,੦੦੦
ਟਿਕਾਣਾ	ਕੈਂਬਰਿਜ, ਮੈਸਾਚੂਸਟਸ, ਸੰਯੁਕਤ ਰਾਜ
ਕੈਂਪਸ	ਸ਼ਹਿਰੀ; ੨੧੦ ਏਕੜ (ਮੁੱਖ ਕੈਂਪਸ); ੨੧ ਏਕੜ (ਮੈਡੀਕਲ ਕੈਂਪਸ); ੩੬੦ ਏਕੜ (ਆਲਸਟਨ ਕੈਂਪਸ); ੪੫੦੦ ਏਕੜ (ਹੋਰ ਜ਼ਮੀਨ)
ਅਖ਼ਬਾਰ	ਦਾ ਹਾਰਵਰਡ ਕ੍ਰਿਮਸਨ
ਰੰਗ	ਊਦਾ
ਛੋਟਾ ਨਾਮ	ਹਾਰਵਰਡ ਕ੍ਰਿਮਸਨ
ਮਾਨਤਾਵਾਂ	NAICU; AICUM; AAU; URA
ਵੈੱਬਸਾਈਟ	Harvard.edu

ਹਾਰਵਰਡ ਯੂਨੀਵਰਸਿਟੀ ਕੈਂਬਰਿਜ, ਮੈਸਾਚੂਸਟਸ ਵਿਖੇ ਇੱਕ ਨਿੱਜੀ ਆਇਵੀ ਲੀਗ ਘੋਖ ਯੂਨੀਵਰਸਿਟੀ ਹੈ ਜਿਸਦੇ ਇਤਿਹਾਸ, ਅਸਰ ਅਤੇ ਦੌਲਤ ਨੇ ਇਹਨੂੰ ਦੁਨੀਆ ਦੀਆਂ ਸਭ ਤੋਂ ਮਾਣਯੋਗ ਯੂਨੀਵਰਸਿਟੀਆਂ ਵਿੱਚੋਂ ਇੱਕ ਬਣਾ ਦਿੱਤਾ ਹੈ।^[6]^[7]^[8]^[9]^[10]

ਹਵਾਲੇ[ਸੋਧੋ]

↑ Harvard's Veritas appears on the university's arms; heraldically speaking, however, a 'motto' is a word or phrase displayed on a scroll in conjunction with a shield of arms. Since 1692 University seals have borne Christo et Ecclesiae (for Christ and the Church) in this manner, arguably making that phrase the university's motto in a heraldic sense. This legend is otherwise not in general use today.
↑ An appropriation of £400 toward a "school or college" was voted on October 28, 1636 (OS), at a meeting which convened on September 8 and was adjourned to October 28. Some sources consider October 28, 1636 (OS) (November 7, 1636 NS) to be the date of founding. Harvard's 1936 tercentenary celebration treated September 18 as the founding date, though 1836 bicentennial was celebrated on September 8, 1836. Sources: meeting dates, Quincy, Josiah (1860). History of Harvard University. 117 Washington Street, Boston: Crosby, Nichols, Lee and Co.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: location (link), p. 586, "At a Court holden September 8th, 1636 and continued by adjournment to the 28th of the 8th month (October, 1636)... the Court agreed to give £400 towards a School or College, whereof £200 to be paid next year...." Tercentenary dates: "Cambridge Birthday". Time. September 28, 1936. Archived from the original on ਦਸੰਬਰ 5, 2012. Retrieved September 8, 2006. {{cite news}}: Unknown parameter |dead-url= ignored (|url-status= suggested) (help) Archived ਦਸੰਬਰ 5, 2012, at Archive.is: "Harvard claims birth on the day the Massachusetts Great and General Court convened to authorize its founding. This was Sept. 8, 1637 under the Julian calendar. Allowing for the ten-day advance of the Gregorian calendar, Tercentenary officials arrived at Sept. 18 as the date for the third and last big Day of the celebration;" "on Oct. 28, 1636 ... £400 for that 'school or college' [was voted by] the Great and General Court of the Massachusetts Bay Colony." Bicentennial date: Marvin Hightower (September 2, 2003). "Harvard Gazette: This Month in Harvard History". Harvard University. Retrieved September 15, 2006., "Sept. 8, 1836 - Some 1,100 to 1,300 alumni flock to Harvard's Bicentennial, at which a professional choir premieres "Fair Harvard." ... guest speaker Josiah Quincy Jr., Class of 1821, makes a motion, unanimously adopted, 'that this assembly of the Alumni be adjourned to meet at this place on September 8, 1936.'" Tercentary opening of Quincy's sealed package: The New York Times, September 9, 1936, p. 24, "Package Sealed in 1836 Opened at Harvard. It Held Letters Written at Bicentenary": "September 8th, 1936: As the first formal function in the celebration of Harvard's tercentenary, the Harvard Alumni Association witnessed the opening by President Conant of the 'mysterious' package sealed by President Josiah Quincy at the Harvard bicentennial in 1836."
↑ 14 ਫਰਵਰੀ 2014 ਤੱਕ ^[update]. "U.S. and Canadian Institutions Listed by Fiscal Year 2013 Endowment Market Value and Percentage Change in Endowment Market Value from FY 2012 to FY 2013" (PDF). 2013 NACUBO-Commonfund Study of Endowments. National Association of College and University Business Officers. Archived from the original (PDF) on ਦਸੰਬਰ 25, 2018. Retrieved April 1, 2014. {{cite web}}: Unknown parameter |dead-url= ignored (|url-status= suggested) (help) Archived May 21, 2014^{[Date mismatch]}, at the Wayback Machine.
↑ Office of Institutional Research. (2009). "Faculty". Harvard University Fact Book (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on 2012-04-25. Retrieved 2014-08-28. {{cite book}}: Unknown parameter |dead-url= ignored (|url-status= suggested) (help) ("Unduplicated, Paid Instructional Faculty Count: 2,107. Unduplicated instructional faculty count is the most appropriate count for general reporting purposes.")
↑ ਹਵਾਲੇ ਵਿੱਚ ਗਲਤੀ:Invalid <ref> tag; no text was provided for refs named Campus
↑ Keller, Morton; Keller, Phyllis (2001). Making Harvard Modern: The Rise of America's University. Oxford University Press. pp. 463–481. ISBN 0-19-514457-0. Harvard's professional schools... won world prestige of a sort rarely seen among social institutions. (...) Harvard's age, wealth, quality, and prestige may well shield it from any conceivable vicissitudes.
↑ Spaulding, Christina (1989). "Sexual Shakedown". In Trumpbour, John (ed.). How Harvard Rules: Reason in the Service of Empire. South End Press. pp. 326–336. ISBN 0-89608-284-9. ... [Harvard's] tremendous institutional power and prestige (...) Within the nation's (arguably) most prestigious institution of higher learning ...
↑ David Altaner (March 9, 2011). "Harvard, MIT Ranked Most Prestigious Universities, Study Reports". Bloomberg. Retrieved March 1, 2012.
↑ Collier's Encyclopedia. Macmillan Educational Co. 1986. Harvard University, one of the world's most prestigious institutions of higher learning, was founded in Massachusetts in 1636.
↑ Newport, Frank. "Harvard Number One University in Eyes of Public Stanford and Yale in second place". Gallup.

[1] Harvard's Veritas appears on the university's arms; heraldically speaking, however, a 'motto' is a word or phrase displayed on a scroll in conjunction with a shield of arms. Since 1692 University seals have borne Christo et Ecclesiae (for Christ and the Church) in this manner, arguably making that phrase the university's motto in a heraldic sense. This legend is otherwise not in general use today.

[founding-2] An appropriation of £400 toward a "school or college" was voted on October 28, 1636 (OS), at a meeting which convened on September 8 and was adjourned to October 28. Some sources consider October 28, 1636 (OS) (November 7, 1636 NS) to be the date of founding. Harvard's 1936 tercentenary celebration treated September 18 as the founding date, though 1836 bicentennial was celebrated on September 8, 1836. Sources: meeting dates, Quincy, Josiah (1860). History of Harvard University. 117 Washington Street, Boston: Crosby, Nichols, Lee and Co.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: location (link), p. 586, "At a Court holden September 8th, 1636 and continued by adjournment to the 28th of the 8th month (October, 1636)... the Court agreed to give £400 towards a School or College, whereof £200 to be paid next year...." Tercentenary dates: "Cambridge Birthday". Time. September 28, 1936. Archived from the original on ਦਸੰਬਰ 5, 2012. Retrieved September 8, 2006. {{cite news}}: Unknown parameter |dead-url= ignored (|url-status= suggested) (help) Archived ਦਸੰਬਰ 5, 2012, at Archive.is: "Harvard claims birth on the day the Massachusetts Great and General Court convened to authorize its founding. This was Sept. 8, 1637 under the Julian calendar. Allowing for the ten-day advance of the Gregorian calendar, Tercentenary officials arrived at Sept. 18 as the date for the third and last big Day of the celebration;" "on Oct. 28, 1636 ... £400 for that 'school or college' [was voted by] the Great and General Court of the Massachusetts Bay Colony." Bicentennial date: Marvin Hightower (September 2, 2003). "Harvard Gazette: This Month in Harvard History". Harvard University. Retrieved September 15, 2006., "Sept. 8, 1836 - Some 1,100 to 1,300 alumni flock to Harvard's Bicentennial, at which a professional choir premieres "Fair Harvard." ... guest speaker Josiah Quincy Jr., Class of 1821, makes a motion, unanimously adopted, 'that this assembly of the Alumni be adjourned to meet at this place on September 8, 1936.'" Tercentary opening of Quincy's sealed package: The New York Times, September 9, 1936, p. 24, "Package Sealed in 1836 Opened at Harvard. It Held Letters Written at Bicentenary": "September 8th, 1936: As the first formal function in the celebration of Harvard's tercentenary, the Harvard Alumni Association witnessed the opening by President Conant of the 'mysterious' package sealed by President Josiah Quincy at the Harvard bicentennial in 1836."

[NACUBO-Commonfund_Study-3] 14 ਫਰਵਰੀ 2014 ਤੱਕ ^[update]. "U.S. and Canadian Institutions Listed by Fiscal Year 2013 Endowment Market Value and Percentage Change in Endowment Market Value from FY 2012 to FY 2013" (PDF). 2013 NACUBO-Commonfund Study of Endowments. National Association of College and University Business Officers. Archived from the original (PDF) on ਦਸੰਬਰ 25, 2018. Retrieved April 1, 2014. {{cite web}}: Unknown parameter |dead-url= ignored (|url-status= suggested) (help) Archived May 21, 2014^{[Date mismatch]}, at the Wayback Machine.

[4] Office of Institutional Research. (2009). "Faculty". Harvard University Fact Book (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on 2012-04-25. Retrieved 2014-08-28. {{cite book}}: Unknown parameter |dead-url= ignored (|url-status= suggested) (help) ("Unduplicated, Paid Instructional Faculty Count: 2,107. Unduplicated instructional faculty count is the most appropriate count for general reporting purposes.")

[Campus-5] ਹਵਾਲੇ ਵਿੱਚ ਗਲਤੀ:Invalid <ref> tag; no text was provided for refs named Campus

[6] Keller, Morton; Keller, Phyllis (2001). Making Harvard Modern: The Rise of America's University. Oxford University Press. pp. 463–481. ISBN 0-19-514457-0. Harvard's professional schools... won world prestige of a sort rarely seen among social institutions. (...) Harvard's age, wealth, quality, and prestige may well shield it from any conceivable vicissitudes.

[7] Spaulding, Christina (1989). "Sexual Shakedown". In Trumpbour, John (ed.). How Harvard Rules: Reason in the Service of Empire. South End Press. pp. 326–336. ISBN 0-89608-284-9. ... [Harvard's] tremendous institutional power and prestige (...) Within the nation's (arguably) most prestigious institution of higher learning ...

[8] David Altaner (March 9, 2011). "Harvard, MIT Ranked Most Prestigious Universities, Study Reports". Bloomberg. Retrieved March 1, 2012.

[9] Collier's Encyclopedia. Macmillan Educational Co. 1986. Harvard University, one of the world's most prestigious institutions of higher learning, was founded in Massachusetts in 1636.

[10] Newport, Frank. "Harvard Number One University in Eyes of Public Stanford and Yale in second place". Gallup.

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