ਨਾਇਕੀ ਦੇਵੀ

ਨਾਇਕੀ ਦੇਵੀ ( IAST : Naikī Devi ) 1175 ਤੋਂ ਆਪਣੇ ਪੁੱਤਰ ਮੂਲਰਾਜਾ ਦੂਜੇ ਦੇ ਬਚਪਨ ਦੌਰਾਨ ਚੌਲੁਕਿਆ ਰਾਜਵੰਸ਼^[1]^[2] ਦੀ ਰਾਜਕੁਮਾਰ ਰਾਣੀ ਸੀ। ਉਹ ਚੌਲੁਕਿਆ ਰਾਜੇ ਅਜੈਪਾਲ ਦੀ ਰਾਣੀ ਸੀ।^[3]

ਜੀਵਨੀ[ਸੋਧੋ]

ਮੇਰੁਤੁੰਗਾ ਦੇ <i id="mwFg">ਪ੍ਰਬੰਧਚਿੰਤਮਣੀ</i> ਦੇ ਅਨੁਸਾਰ, ਉਸਦਾ ਪਹਿਲਾ ਜੀਵਨ ਪਤਾ ਨਹੀਂ ਹੈ, ਉਹ ਇੱਕ ਪਰਮਾਰਦੀ ਦੀ ਧੀ ਸੀ। ਇੱਕ ਸਿਧਾਂਤ ਇਸ ਪਰਮਾਰਦੀ ਦੀ ਪਛਾਣ ਕਦੰਬ ਰਾਜਾ ਪਰਮਾਦੀ-ਦੇਵਾ ਵਜੋਂ ਕਰਦਾ ਹੈ, ਪਰ ਇਤਿਹਾਸਕਾਰ ਅਸ਼ੋਕ ਕੁਮਾਰ ਮਜੂਮਦਾਰ ਦੇ ਅਨੁਸਾਰ, ਉਹ ਸੰਭਾਵਤ ਤੌਰ 'ਤੇ ਚੰਦੇਲਾ ਰਾਜੇ ਪਰਮਾਦੀ (ਰਾਜ ਸੀ. 1165-1203 ਸੀਈ) ਦੀ ਧੀ ਸੀ।^[3]

ਉਸਦਾ ਵਿਆਹ ਚੌਲੁਕਿਆ ਸ਼ਾਸਕ ਅਜੈਪਾਲ ਨਾਲ ਹੋਇਆ ਸੀ ਅਤੇ ਉਸਦਾ ਪੁੱਤਰ ਸੀ ਜਿਸਦਾ ਨਾਮ ਮੂਲਰਾਜਾ ਸੀ, ਜੋ ਬਾਅਦ ਵਿੱਚ ਆਪਣੇ ਪਿਤਾ ਦੀ ਮੌਤ ਤੋਂ ਬਾਅਦ ਰਾਜਾ ਬਣਿਆ। ਜਦੋਂ ਉਸਦਾ ਪੁੱਤਰ 1175 ਵਿੱਚ ਆਪਣੇ ਪਿਤਾ ਦੇ ਬਾਅਦ ਰਾਜਾ ਬਣਿਆ, ਤਾਂ ਉਹ ਆਪਣੇ ਪੁੱਤਰ ਦੀ ਘੱਟਗਿਣਤੀ ਦੌਰਾਨ ਰੀਜੈਂਟ ਬਣ ਗਈ।

1175 ਵਿੱਚ, ਘੋਰ ਦੇ ਮੁਹੰਮਦ ਨੇ ਸਿੰਧ ਨੂੰ ਪਾਰ ਕੀਤਾ, 1178 ਵਿੱਚ ਥਾਰ ਮਾਰੂਥਲ ਰਾਹੀਂ ਮੌਜੂਦਾ ਗੁਜਰਾਤ ਵਿੱਚ ਘੁਸਣ ਤੋਂ ਪਹਿਲਾਂ ਮੁਲਤਾਨ ਅਤੇ ਉਚ ਉੱਤੇ ਕਬਜ਼ਾ ਕਰ ਲਿਆ। ਘੋਰ ਦੇ ਮੁਹੰਮਦ ਨੂੰ ਮੁਲਾਰਾਜਾ ਦੂਜੇ ਅਤੇ ਉਸਦੇ ਰਾਜਪੂਤ ਸਹਿਯੋਗੀਆਂ ਨੇ ਕਸਾਹਰਾਦਾ ਦੀ ਲੜਾਈ ਵਿੱਚ ਨਡੋਲ, ਜਾਲੋਰ ਅਤੇ ਆਬੂ ਤੋਂ ਹਰਾਇਆ ਸੀ। ਲੜਾਈ ਦੇ ਸਥਾਨ ਦੀ ਪਛਾਣ ਅਬੂ ਪਹਾੜੀਆਂ ਦੀ ਤਲਹਟੀ ਦੇ ਨੇੜੇ ਕਯੰਦਰਾ ਨਾਮ ਦੇ ਇੱਕ ਪਿੰਡ ਵਜੋਂ ਹੋਈ ਹੈ। ਫ਼ਾਰਸੀ ਇਤਿਹਾਸਕਾਰ ਮਿਨਹਾਜ ਅਲ-ਸਿਰਾਜ ਅਤੇ ਫੇਰਿਸ਼ਤਾ ਨੇ ਜ਼ਿਕਰ ਕੀਤਾ ਹੈ ਕਿ ਘੋਰ ਦੇ ਮੁਹੰਮਦ ਨੂੰ ਭੀਮ II (ਮੁਲਾਰਾਜਾ ਭਰਾ ਅਤੇ ਉੱਤਰਾਧਿਕਾਰੀ) ਦੁਆਰਾ ਹਰਾਇਆ ਗਿਆ ਸੀ, ਹਾਲਾਂਕਿ ਪੁਰਾਲੇਖ ਪ੍ਰਮਾਣਾਂ ਨੇ ਪੁਸ਼ਟੀ ਕੀਤੀ ਹੈ ਕਿ ਘੁਰਿਦ ਹਮਲੇ ਦੇ ਸਮੇਂ ਮੂਲਰਾਜਾ II ਰਾਜ ਕਰ ਰਿਹਾ ਸੀ।^[4]^[5]^[6]

ਮੇਰੁਤੁੰਗਾ ਦੇ ਬਾਅਦ ਦੇ ਬਿਰਤਾਂਤ ਵਿਚ ਦੱਸਿਆ ਗਿਆ ਹੈ ਕਿ ਨਾਇਕੀ ਦੇਵੀ ਨੇ ਆਪਣੇ ਪੁੱਤਰ ਮੂਲਰਾਜਾ ਨੂੰ ਆਪਣੀ ਗੋਦ ਵਿਚ ਲਿਆ ਅਤੇ ਚੌਲੁਕਿਆ ਸੈਨਾ ਦੇ ਸਿਰ 'ਤੇ ਚੜ੍ਹਾਈ ਕੀਤੀ ਅਤੇ ਗੜਾਰਘਾਟਾ ਦੱਰੇ 'ਤੇ ਘੁਰਿਦ ਫੌਜਾਂ ਨੂੰ ਹਰਾਇਆ ਅਤੇ ਆਪਣੇ ਪੁੱਤਰ ਨੂੰ "ਗਜ਼ਨੀ ਦੇ ਰਾਜੇ ਦਾ ਜੇਤੂ" ਦਾ ਖਿਤਾਬ ਪ੍ਰਾਪਤ ਕੀਤਾ। ਹਾਲਾਂਕਿ, ਅਸ਼ੋਕ ਕੁਮਾਰ ਮਜੂਮਦਾਰ ਨੇ ਮੇਰੁਤੁੰਗਾ ਦੀ ਲਿਖਤ ਦੀ ਆਲੋਚਨਾ ਕੀਤੀ ਜਿਸ ਨੇ ਆਪਣੇ ਪਾਠਕਾਂ ਨੂੰ ਆਕਰਸ਼ਤ ਕਰਨ ਲਈ ਮਿਥਿਹਾਸਕ ਕਹਾਣੀਆਂ ਦੀ ਵਰਤੋਂ ਕੀਤੀ।^[7]^[8] ਕਿਸੇ ਵੀ ਸਥਿਤੀ ਵਿੱਚ, ਮੇਰੁਤੁੰਗਾ ਨੂੰ ਆਧੁਨਿਕ ਵਿਦਵਾਨਾਂ ਦੁਆਰਾ "ਪੂਰੀ ਤਰ੍ਹਾਂ ਭਰੋਸੇਮੰਦ" ਵਜੋਂ ਖਾਰਜ ਕਰ ਦਿੱਤਾ ਗਿਆ ਹੈ।^[9]^[10]

ਪ੍ਰਸਿੱਧ ਸਭਿਆਚਾਰ ਵਿੱਚ[ਸੋਧੋ]

2022 ਦੀ ਗੁਜਰਾਤੀ ਇਤਿਹਾਸਕ ਫਿਲਮ ਨਾਇਕਾ ਦੇਵੀ: ਦਿ ਵਾਰੀਅਰ ਕਵੀਨ ਵਿੱਚ ਖੁਸ਼ੀ ਸ਼ਾਹ ਨੇ ਨਾਇਕੀ ਦੇਵੀ ਦਾ ਕਿਰਦਾਰ ਨਿਭਾਇਆ ਹੈ।^[11]

ਹਵਾਲੇ[ਸੋਧੋ]

↑ Kulke, Hermann; Rothermund, Dietmar (2004). A History of India (in ਅੰਗਰੇਜ਼ੀ). Psychology Press. p. 117. ISBN 978-0-415-32919-4. When Gurjara Pratiharas power declined after the sacking of Kannauj by the Rashtrakutkas in the early tenth century many Rajput princes declared their independence and founded their own kingdoms, some of which grew to importance in the subsequent two centuries. The better known among these dynasties were the Chaulukyas or Solankis of Kathiawar and Gujarat, the Chahamanas (i.e. Chauhan) of eastern Rajasthan (Ajmer and Jodhpur), and the Tomaras who had founded Delhi (Dhillika) in 736 but had then been displaced by the Chauhans in the twelfth century.
↑ David Ludden (2013). India and South Asia: A Short History (in ਅੰਗਰੇਜ਼ੀ). Simon and Schuster. pp. 88–89. ISBN 978-1-78074-108-6. By contrast in Rajasthan a single warrior group evolved called Rajput (from Rajaputra-sons of kings): they rarely engaged in farming, even to supervise farm labour as farming was literally beneath them, farming was for their peasant subjects. In the ninth century separate clans of Rajputs Cahamanas (Chauhans), Paramaras (Pawars), Guhilas (Sisodias) and Caulukyas were splitting off from sprawling Gurjara Pratihara clans...
↑ ^3.0 ^3.1 Asoke Kumar Majumdar 1956.
↑ Rima Hooja (2006). A History of Rajasthan (PB). Rupa & Company. p. 261. ISBN 978-81-291-1501-0. After occupying Uchchh in 1175 and annexing adjoining parts of Sindh, Muhammad of Ghor advanced against Gujarat in AD 1178, which was then ruled by the Chalukyan ruler Bhima II (?Mularaj II?). The bravery and spirited fight put up by him and his allies (among them Kelhan of Nadol, his younger brother, Kirtipal Chauhan, founder of the Jalore line, and the Parmar ruler of Abu, King Dharavarsha), forced the enemy back from the vicinity of Abu, in Rajasthan. According to the Sundha Inscription, this decisive battle took place at Kasahrada, near Abu
↑ Mohammad Habib (1981). K. A. Nizami (ed.). Politics and Society During the Early Medieval Period: Collected Works of Professor Mohammad Habib (in ਅੰਗਰੇਜ਼ੀ). People's Publishing House. p. 111. 111:"Rai Bhim Deo of Gujarat collected his Rajput veterans and after a stiff battle, in which most of the invaders were slain drove Shihabuddun away from his kingdom
↑ K. A. Nizami (1970). "Foundation of the Delhi Sultanat". In Mohammad Habib; Khaliq Ahmad Nizami (eds.). A Comprehensive History of India: The Delhi Sultanat (A.D. 1206-1526). Vol. 5 (Second ed.). The Indian History Congress / People's Publishing House. p. 157. OCLC 31870180. Western Rajputana was thus a better known area to the Muslim soldiers than the Gangetic Doab. Mu'izzuddin thought of repeating the exploits of Mahmud and of reaching southern India and its temple-treasures througlh Rajputana and Gujarat. Mưizzuddin's army must have been exhausted when it reached the foot of Mount Abu. This was his first encounter with an Indian ruler. The Rai of Nahrwala had a fairly strong army at his beck and call and a very large number of elephants. The battle was fought at Kavadra, a village near Mount Abu. Muizzuddin's army was completely routed in the conflict by Rajputs, but somehow he escaped with his defeated army from Gujarat. Minhaj says that Bhim Deo was Rai at this time m Epigraphic evicdence, corroborated by Hindu records, however, shows that Mularaja II was the ruler of Gujarat at the time
↑ Majumdar, Asoke Kumar (1956). Chaulukyas of Gujarat: A Survey of the History and Culture of Gujarat from the Middle of the Tenth to the End of the Thirteenth Century (in ਅੰਗਰੇਜ਼ੀ). Bharatiya Vidya Bhavan. pp. 131–135. Retrieved 2022-04-01.
↑ Majumdar, Ramesh Chandra (1977). Ancient India (in ਅੰਗਰੇਜ਼ੀ). Motilal Banarsidass Publ. p. 334. ISBN 978-81-208-0436-4.
↑ Crouzet, François (1965), Studies in the Cultural History of India, Shiva Lal Agarwala, p. 237
↑ A. K. Warder (1992). Indian Kāvya Literature. Vol. VI: The Art of Storytelling. Motilal Banarsidass. ISBN 978-81-208-0615-3.
↑ "'Nayika Devi: The Warrior Queen' Depicts Chunky Panday As Evil Antagonist". ABP Live. IANS. 2022-03-16. Retrieved 2022-04-08.

[1] Kulke, Hermann; Rothermund, Dietmar (2004). A History of India (in ਅੰਗਰੇਜ਼ੀ). Psychology Press. p. 117. ISBN 978-0-415-32919-4. When Gurjara Pratiharas power declined after the sacking of Kannauj by the Rashtrakutkas in the early tenth century many Rajput princes declared their independence and founded their own kingdoms, some of which grew to importance in the subsequent two centuries. The better known among these dynasties were the Chaulukyas or Solankis of Kathiawar and Gujarat, the Chahamanas (i.e. Chauhan) of eastern Rajasthan (Ajmer and Jodhpur), and the Tomaras who had founded Delhi (Dhillika) in 736 but had then been displaced by the Chauhans in the twelfth century.

[2] David Ludden (2013). India and South Asia: A Short History (in ਅੰਗਰੇਜ਼ੀ). Simon and Schuster. pp. 88–89. ISBN 978-1-78074-108-6. By contrast in Rajasthan a single warrior group evolved called Rajput (from Rajaputra-sons of kings): they rarely engaged in farming, even to supervise farm labour as farming was literally beneath them, farming was for their peasant subjects. In the ninth century separate clans of Rajputs Cahamanas (Chauhans), Paramaras (Pawars), Guhilas (Sisodias) and Caulukyas were splitting off from sprawling Gurjara Pratihara clans...

[FOOTNOTEAsoke_Kumar_Majumdar1956-3] 3.0 ^3.1 Asoke Kumar Majumdar 1956.

[4] Rima Hooja (2006). A History of Rajasthan (PB). Rupa & Company. p. 261. ISBN 978-81-291-1501-0. After occupying Uchchh in 1175 and annexing adjoining parts of Sindh, Muhammad of Ghor advanced against Gujarat in AD 1178, which was then ruled by the Chalukyan ruler Bhima II (?Mularaj II?). The bravery and spirited fight put up by him and his allies (among them Kelhan of Nadol, his younger brother, Kirtipal Chauhan, founder of the Jalore line, and the Parmar ruler of Abu, King Dharavarsha), forced the enemy back from the vicinity of Abu, in Rajasthan. According to the Sundha Inscription, this decisive battle took place at Kasahrada, near Abu

[5] Mohammad Habib (1981). K. A. Nizami (ed.). Politics and Society During the Early Medieval Period: Collected Works of Professor Mohammad Habib (in ਅੰਗਰੇਜ਼ੀ). People's Publishing House. p. 111. 111:"Rai Bhim Deo of Gujarat collected his Rajput veterans and after a stiff battle, in which most of the invaders were slain drove Shihabuddun away from his kingdom

[6] K. A. Nizami (1970). "Foundation of the Delhi Sultanat". In Mohammad Habib; Khaliq Ahmad Nizami (eds.). A Comprehensive History of India: The Delhi Sultanat (A.D. 1206-1526). Vol. 5 (Second ed.). The Indian History Congress / People's Publishing House. p. 157. OCLC 31870180. Western Rajputana was thus a better known area to the Muslim soldiers than the Gangetic Doab. Mu'izzuddin thought of repeating the exploits of Mahmud and of reaching southern India and its temple-treasures througlh Rajputana and Gujarat. Mưizzuddin's army must have been exhausted when it reached the foot of Mount Abu. This was his first encounter with an Indian ruler. The Rai of Nahrwala had a fairly strong army at his beck and call and a very large number of elephants. The battle was fought at Kavadra, a village near Mount Abu. Muizzuddin's army was completely routed in the conflict by Rajputs, but somehow he escaped with his defeated army from Gujarat. Minhaj says that Bhim Deo was Rai at this time m Epigraphic evicdence, corroborated by Hindu records, however, shows that Mularaja II was the ruler of Gujarat at the time

[7] Majumdar, Asoke Kumar (1956). Chaulukyas of Gujarat: A Survey of the History and Culture of Gujarat from the Middle of the Tenth to the End of the Thirteenth Century (in ਅੰਗਰੇਜ਼ੀ). Bharatiya Vidya Bhavan. pp. 131–135. Retrieved 2022-04-01.

[8] Majumdar, Ramesh Chandra (1977). Ancient India (in ਅੰਗਰੇਜ਼ੀ). Motilal Banarsidass Publ. p. 334. ISBN 978-81-208-0436-4.

[9] Crouzet, François (1965), Studies in the Cultural History of India, Shiva Lal Agarwala, p. 237

[10] A. K. Warder (1992). Indian Kāvya Literature. Vol. VI: The Art of Storytelling. Motilal Banarsidass. ISBN 978-81-208-0615-3.

[11] "'Nayika Devi: The Warrior Queen' Depicts Chunky Panday As Evil Antagonist". ABP Live. IANS. 2022-03-16. Retrieved 2022-04-08.

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