ਫਰਮਾ:Infobox OS/doc

ਵਿਕੀਪੀਡੀਆ, ਇੱਕ ਅਜ਼ਾਦ ਗਿਆਨਕੋਸ਼ ਤੋਂ

This template can be used to provide a summary for articles on computer operating systems.

Usage[ਸੋਧੋ]

{{{title}}}
{{{version_of}}} ਆਪਰੇਟਿੰਗ ਸਿਸਟਮ ਦਾ ਇੱਕ ਵਰਜਨ
[[File:{{{logo}}}|{{{logo_size}}}|alt={{{logo_alt}}}]]
{{{logo_caption}}}
ਸਕਰੀਨਸ਼ਾਟ
[[File:{{{screenshot}}}|{{{screenshot_size}}}|alt={{{screenshot_alt}}}]]
{{{caption}}}
ਉੱਨਤਕਾਰ{{{developer}}}
ਲਿਖਿਆ ਹੋਇਆ{{{programmed_in}}}
ਓਐੱਸ ਪਰਿਵਾਰ{{{family}}}
ਕਮਕਾਜੀ ਹਾਲਤ{{{working_state}}}
ਸਰੋਤ ਮਾਡਲ{{{source_model}}}
Released to
manufacturing
{{{RTM_date}}}[1]
ਆਮ
ਉਪਲਬਧਤਾ
{{{GA_date}}}[2]
ਆਖ਼ਰੀ ਰਿਲੀਜ਼{{{latest release version}}} / {{{latest release date}}}[3]
ਆਖ਼ਰੀ ਰਿਲੀਜ਼{{{latest preview version}}} / {{{latest preview date}}}[4]
Repository{{{repo}}}
ਬਾਜ਼ਾਰੀ ਟੀਚਾ{{{marketing_target}}}
ਵਿੱਚ ਉਪਲਬਧ{{{language}}}
ਅੱਪਡੇਟ ਤਰੀਕਾ{{{updatemodel}}}
ਪੈਕੇਜ ਮਨੇਜਰ{{{package_manager}}}
ਪਲੇਟਫਾਰਮ{{{supported_platforms}}}
ਕਰਨਲ ਕਿਸਮ{{{kernel_type}}}
Userland{{{userland}}}
ਪ੍ਰਭਾਵਿਤ ਕੀਤਾ{{{influenced}}}
ਤੋਂ ਪ੍ਰਭਾਵਿਤ{{{influenced_by}}}
ਡਿਫਲਟ
ਵਰਤੋਂਕਾਰ ਇੰਟਰਫ਼ੇਸ
{{{ui}}}
ਲਸੰਸ{{{license}}}
ਇਸਤੋਂ ਪਹਿਲਾਂ{{{preceded_by}}}
ਇਸਤੋਂ ਬਾਅਦ{{{succeeded_by}}}
ਅਧਿਕਾਰਤ ਵੈੱਬਸਾਈਟ{{{website}}}
Support status
{{{support_status}}}
Articles in the series
{{{other_articles}}}
{{Infobox OS
| name                   = <!-- Name of program or distribution -->
| logo                   = <!-- Filename only: no wikilink, Image: or File: -->
| logo size              = 
| logo caption           = 
| logo alt               = 
| screenshot             = <!-- Filename only: no wikilink, Image: or File: -->
| caption                = 
| screenshot_alt         = 
| collapsible            = 
| version of             = <!-- For articles about releases of operating systems ONLY -->
| developer              = <!-- Name of main developer or sponsor-->
| family                 = <!-- "Unix-like" or "Microsoft Windows" -->
| working state          = <!-- "Current", "Discontinued" (operating systems), or "No longer supported" (releases) -->
| source model           = <!-- "[[Open-source software|Open source]]", "Closed-source", or "Source-available" -->
| released               = <!-- {{Start date and age|YYYY|MM|DD|df=yes/no}} -->
| discontinued           = <!-- DON'T use this for articles about releases of operating systems. -->
| RTM date               = <!-- {{Start date and age|YYYY|MM|DD|df=yes/no}} ONLY for articles about OS releases -->
| GA date                = <!-- {{Start date and age|YYYY|MM|DD|df=yes/no}} ONLY for articles about OS releases -->
| latest release version = 
| latest release date    = <!-- {{Start date and age|YYYY|MM|DD|df=yes/no}} -->
| latest preview version = iOS 16.5 Public Beta 4 (20F5059a)
| latest preview date    = <!-- {{Start date and age|YYYY|MM|DD|df=yes/no}} --> 2023|05|02|df=yes
| repo                   = <!-- {{URL|https://example.com}} -->
| marketing target       = 
| programmed in          = 
| language               = <!-- Supported human languages (English, French, Italian, Arabic, ...) -->
| language count         = 
| language footnote      = 
| update model           = <!-- APT, Windows Update, etc. -->
| package manager        = <!-- dpkg, rpm, Windows installer, etc. -->
| supported platforms    = <!-- [[IA-32]], [[x86-64]], [[Itanium]], [[ARM architecture family|ARM]], etc. -->
| kernel type            = <!-- Hybrid, Monolithic, Microkernel, Exokernel, Nanokernel, etc. -->
| userland               = 
| ui                     = 
| license                = 
| preceded by            = 
| succeeded by           = 
| website                = <!-- {{URL|www.example.org}} -->
| tagline                = 
| support status         = <!-- For articles about releases of operating systems ONLY -->
| other articles         = 
}}

Parameters[ਸੋਧੋ]

This is the TemplateData for this template used by TemplateWizard, VisualEditor and other tools. Click here to see a monthly parameter usage report for this template based on this TemplateData.

TemplateData for Infobox OS

This template can be used to provide a summary for articles on computer operating systems and their particular releases.

ਫਰਮੇ ਦੇ ਮਾਪਦੰਡ

This template prefers block formatting of parameters.

ਮਾਪਦੰਡਵੇਰਵਾਕਿਸਮਦਰਜਾ
Namename

Name of the infobox. This is used internally in combination with Template:Latest stable software release/'name' and is also displayed at the top of the infobox if the Title parameter is absent. It must be pure text. Do not include any wikimarkup in this parameter.

ਮੂਲ ਰੂਪ
PAGENAME
Stringrequired
Titletitle

Name of the operating system. Displayed at the top of the infobox. If not specified the 'Name' parameter or the PAGENAME are used. It should be plain text. Do not include a wikilink, hyperlink or image in this parameter.

Stringoptional
Logologo

An image path for the logo associated with this operating system. Logos used must comply with [[Wikipedia:Logos]] guidelines. For example: 'File:Microsoft Windows XP Logo.svg'

Fileoptional
Logo sizelogo size logo_size

A width for the image, including the 'px'; the default is '250px'. For example: '106px'

Stringoptional
Logo captionlogo caption logo_caption

Icon to display in the title

Contentoptional
Logo's alternative textlogo alt logo_alt

An alternative text for the logo. The alternative text is read by screen readers for the blind and must fill out the role of the logo.

Stringoptional
Screenshotscreenshot

A screenshot depicting the operating system in its default configuration. Screen shots should not include any non-standard themes, third-party applications, or personally identifiable information. For example: 'File:Windows 8 screenshot.png'

Fileoptional
Screenshot sizescreenshot_size

A width for the screenshot, including the 'px'; the default is '290px'. For example: '200px'

Stringoptional
Screenshot's alternative textscreenshot_alt

An alternative text for the screenshot. The alternative text is read by screen readers for the blind and must fill out the role of the screenshot.

Stringoptional
Captioncaption

A caption describing the screenshot. Use of the word 'screenshot' in the description can be considered redundant, as the template places the image in a section titled 'Screenshot'. For example: 'Screenshot of the Windows 8 desktop'

Contentoptional
Collapsiblecollapsible

If the screenshot is too big, this parameter set to 'yes' will collapse this

ਮੂਲ ਰੂਪ
no
Lineoptional
Version ofversion of version_of

Name of operating system. (For articles about particular operating system releases.)

Contentoptional
Developerdeveloper

Name of the current developer of the software product. It can be either an individual or an organization/business. For example: 'Microsoft'

Contentoptional
Programmed inprogrammed in prog language prog_language programmed_in

Programming languages this operating system is written in. For example: '[[C (programming language)|C]]'

Contentoptional
Familyfamily

The name of the family of operating systems that this version is a part of. Examples include '[[Microsoft Windows]]', '[[Unix-like]]' and '[[Mac OS]]'; 'Linux' and 'Mac OS X' are not OS families

Stringoptional
Working stateworking state working_state

Working state of the operating system. Can be 'Current', 'Discontinued', or 'No longer supported'

Lineoptional
Source modelsource model source_model

Source model of the operating system. Can be '[[Open-source software]]', '[[Closed-source]]', or '[[Source-available]]'. Do not use 'free software', 'free and open-source software' or 'FOSS' as they are mainly licensing models and may or may not use the 'open-source' development methodology

Lineoptional
Initial releasereleased

The date of first public release of operating system. Should be set to {{Start date and age|Year|Month|Day}}. The value of this field is not shown if 'RTM date' or 'GA date' parameters are set

Contentoptional
Discontinueddiscontinued

Set to 'yes' if operating system is discontinued. Note: operating-system versions cannot be discontinued; do not use this parameter in articles about operating-system versions

ਮੂਲ ਰੂਪ
no
Lineoptional
Released to manufacturingRTM date RTM_date first release date first_release_date

The date when operating system version was released to manufacturing. Should be set to {{Start date and age|Year|Month|Day}}. Any value in this field disables display of 'Released' parameter. Note: only particular versions of operating systems may be released to manufacturing; do not use this parameter in articles about operating systems

Contentoptional
Citation for release to manufacturing infoRTM url RTM_url

DEPRECATED. Do not use.

Unbalanced wikitextdeprecated
General availabilityGA date GA_date

The date when operating system version became generally available. Should be set to {{Start date and age|Year|Month|Day}}. Any value in this field disables display of 'Released' parameter. Note: only particular versions of operating systems may be released to manufacturing; do not use this parameter in articles about operating systems

Contentoptional
Citation for general availability infoGA url GA_url

DEPRECATED. Do not use.

Unbalanced wikitextdeprecated
Latest release versionlatest release version latest_release_version release version release_version

For operating systems, the version number of latest stable release (for example 'Windows 8.1'). For operating system versions, the version of latest stable build (for example '6.3.9600')

Lineoptional
Latest release datelatest release date latest_release_date release date release_date

The date of latest stable release (for operating systems) or build (for operating system versions). Should be set to {{Start date and age|Year|Month|Day}}

Contentoptional
Citation for release inforelease url release_url

DEPRECATED. Do not use.

Unbalanced wikitextdeprecated
Latest preview versionlatest preview version latest_preview_version preview version preview_version

For operating systems, the version number of latest preview ('beta', 'unstable', 'development') release (for example 'Windows 8 Consumer Preview'). For operating system versions, the version of latestpreview ('beta', 'unstable', 'development') build (for example '8250')

Lineoptional
Latest preview datelatest preview date latest_preview_date preview date preview_date

The date of latest preview ('beta', 'unstable', 'development') release (for operating systems) or build (for operating system versions). Should be set to {{Start date and age|Year|Month|Day}}

Contentoptional
Citation for preview infopreview url preview_url

DEPRECATED. Do not use.

Unbalanced wikitextdeprecated
Source code repositoryrepo

The online source code repository, if available. For example, the sourceforge or github project page. As with the website parameter, this should use the {{URL}} template. In the absence of this parameter, infobox attempts to acquire the repository link from Wikidata. This parameter overrides the Wikidata link.

Stringoptional
Marketing targetmarketing target marketing_target

Target audience of operating system or its version

Stringoptional
Language countlanguage count

Number of languages supported. Causes the list of languages to become collapsed.

Numberoptional
Language footnotelanguage footnote

A citation for the number of languages supported. (The list of languages can have an independent citation.) Include<ref> tags if you use the footnote system.

Unbalanced wikitextoptional
Languagelanguage human language human_language

Human languages this operating system is available in. Avoid stating just number of translations or wikilinking languages

Stringoptional
Update modelupdate model updatemodel update_model

Tools or methods of updating operating system

Stringoptional
Package managerpackage manager package_manager

Wikilinked name of package management software supplied with operating system

Contentoptional
Supported platformssupported platforms supported_platforms

Hardware platforms supported by operating system

Stringoptional
Kernel typekernel type kernel_type

Type of kernel of operating system. Possible values include '[[Monolithic kernel|Monolithic]]' or '[[Microkernel]]'. Note: for Linux distributions, this should be '[[Monolithic kernel|Monolithic]] ([[Linux kernel|Linux]])'

Contentoptional
Userlanduserland

(For Unix-like operating systems) type of userland of operating system. Examples include 'BSD' and '[[GNU Core Utilities|GNU]]'

Contentoptional
Influencedinfluenced

Name of technologies, software, devices or methodologies that this operating system influenced.

Stringoptional
Influenced byinfluenced by influenced_by

Name of other technology, software, devices or methodology that influenced the creation of this operating system.

Stringoptional
Default user interfaceui

User interface the default installation of operating system boots into

Contentoptional
Licenselicense

License or licensing model used for this operating system. May be set either to well-known license or licenses with wikilink (for example: '[[GPLv2]]'), or to licensing model ('[[Proprietary software|Proprietary]]' or '[[Freeware]]')

Contentoptional
Preceded bypreceded by preceded_by

For operating system: OS or list of OSs that were officially superseded by this operating system. For operating system versions: previous version of the operating system intended for the same target audience

Contentoptional
Succeeded bysucceeded by succeeded_by

For operating system: OS that officially superseded this operating system. For operating system versions: next version of the operating system intended for the same target audience

Stringoptional
Official websitewebsite

The web site URL of the software package. This URL must be readable in print. Therefore, you should use '{{tl|URL}}' template like this: '{{URL|http://www.example.com}}'. Avoid using printer-hostile forms like '[http://www.example.com Example website]'. In absence of this parameter, infobox attempts to acquire the website link from Wikidata. This parameter overrides the Wikidata link. (It is useful when a second infobox for something different is defined on a page.) In addition, the special value 'hide' suppresses this field, even in presence of a Wikidata link. (It is useful for articles that have several infoboxes and do not want all of them show a Wikidata link ad nauseam.)

Contentoptional
Taglinetagline

A marketing tagline fits perfectly here. Used on iOS and iPadOS version pages.

Stringoptional
Support statussupport status support_status

Support status of operating system version. Not applicable to operating systems

Stringoptional
Other articlesother articles other_articles

List of very closely related articles. For loosely related articles, consider using the 'See also' section instead.

Contentoptional
Body stylebodystyle

CSS style rules to be applied to the entire infobox. Use only when absolutely necessary. Do not use for evil. ;)

Stringoptional

Moving release data outside the article[ਸੋਧੋ]

The subject's latest release version, latest release date, latest preview version and latest preview date can be moved outside the article.

Template Method (single wiki)[ਸੋਧੋ]

Users visiting the article may click the version number or "[±]" link in the infobox to edit that external source. This mode is very useful for articles about software products whose vendors keep releasing updates or newer versions. With this mode is enabled, users can quickly and effectively edit the release data without editing the article proper (and cluttering its edit history with inconsequential edits).

Note, however, that if |latest release version= or |latest preview version= parameters are explicitly specified, the infobox does not look for external sources. (This can be useful if, for example, the preview version is frequently updated, but the release version is not.)

To make the infobox retrieve release data from outside the article:

  1. Create an external source that supplies data for latest stable release. To do so:
    1. Copy and paste the following URL into your browser's address bar, replacing INFOBOX_NAME with the value supplied in |name= parameter of the infobox:
      //pa.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=%E0%A8%AB%E0%A8%B0%E0%A8%AE%E0%A8%BE:Latest_stable_software_release/INFOBOX_NAME&action=edit&preload=Template:LSR/syntax
    2. In the page that opens, fill in the required information.
    3. Save the page.
  2. Create an external source that supplies data for latest preview release. To do so:
    1. Copy and paste the following URL into your browser's address bar, replacing INFOBOX_NAME with the value suppplied in |name= parameter of the infobox:
      //pa.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=%E0%A8%AB%E0%A8%B0%E0%A8%AE%E0%A8%BE:Latest_preview_software_release/INFOBOX_NAME&action=edit&preload=Template:LPR/syntax
    2. In the page that opens, fill in the required information.
    3. Save the page.
  3. In the main article, delete |latest release version=, |latest release date=, |latest preview version= or |latest preview date= parameters.
  4. Save the article.
  5. Refresh the article.

Wikidata Method (multi-language, potentially all wikis)[ਸੋਧੋ]

With a Wikidata entry, OS version information can be input once, and then automatically transcluded to any Wikipedia in any language, as long as they are using a Wikidata template for their data.

See: Template:Wikidata for usage information

See: Deepin for a usage example.

Examples[ਸੋਧੋ]

Computer operating system[ਸੋਧੋ]

Microsoft Windows
ਉੱਨਤਕਾਰMicrosoft
ਸਰੋਤ ਮਾਡਲ
ਪਹਿਲੀ ਰਿਲੀਜ਼ਨਵੰਬਰ 20, 1985; 38 ਸਾਲ ਪਹਿਲਾਂ (1985-11-20), as version 1.0 (unsupported)
ਹਾਲੀਆ ਰਿਲੀਜ਼ਫਰਮਾ:Latest stable software release/Windows 10
ਹਾਲੀਆ ਰਿਲੀਜ਼ਫਰਮਾ:Latest preview software release/Windows 10
ਬਾਜ਼ਾਰੀ ਟੀਚਾPersonal computing
ਵਿੱਚ ਉਪਲਬਧ138 languages
ਅੱਪਡੇਟ ਤਰੀਕਾ
ਪੈਕੇਜ ਮਨੇਜਰWindows Installer (.msi, .msix, .msp), executable file (.exe), Universal Windows Platform (.appx, .appxbundle)
ਪਲੇਟਫਾਰਮIA-32, x86-64, ARM, ARM64
Previously: 16-bit x86, DEC Alpha, MIPS, PowerPC, Itanium
ਕਰਨਲ ਕਿਸਮ
ਡਿਫਲਟ
ਵਰਤੋਂਕਾਰ ਇੰਟਰਫ਼ੇਸ
Windows shell
ਲਸੰਸProprietary commercial software
ਅਧਿਕਾਰਤ ਵੈੱਬਸਾਈਟmicrosoft.com/windows
ਟੈਗਲਾਈਟExperience the best, experience Windows XP
{{Infobox OS
| name = Microsoft Windows
| logo = Windows_darkblue_2012_svg.svg
| screenshot = 
| caption = 
| developer = [[Microsoft]]
| released = {{Start date and years ago|1985|11|20}}, as version 1.0 (unsupported)
| language = 138 languages
| package manager = [[Windows Installer]] (.msi, .msix, .msp), [[executable file]] (.exe), [[Universal Windows Platform]] ([[APPX|.appx]], .appxbundle)
| ui = [[Windows shell]]
| license = [[Proprietary software|Proprietary]] [[commercial software]]
| website = {{URL|microsoft.com/windows}}
| tagline = Experience the best, experience Windows XP
| source_model = {{ubl
| [[Proprietary software|Closed-source]]
| [[Source-available software|Source-available]] (through [[Shared Source Initiative]])
}}
| latest release version = {{Latest stable software release/Windows 10}}
| latest preview version = {{Latest preview software release/Windows 10}}
| marketing_target = Personal computing
| kernel_type = {{plainlist|
* [[Windows NT]] family: [[Hybrid kernel|Hybrid]]
* [[Windows Embedded Compact|Windows CE]]: [[Hybrid kernel|Hybrid]]
* [[Windows 9x]] and earlier: [[Monolithic kernel|Monolithic]] ([[MS-DOS]])
}}
| supported_platforms = [[IA-32]], [[x86-64]], [[ARM architecture family|ARM]], [[ARM64]] <br>Previously:  [[x86|16-bit x86]], [[DEC Alpha]], [[MIPS architecture|MIPS]], [[PowerPC]], [[Itanium]]
| updatemodel = {{unbulleted list|[[Windows Update]]|[[Windows Anytime Upgrade]]|[[Windows Store]]|[[Windows Server Update Services]] (WSUS)}}
}}

Mobile operating system[ਸੋਧੋ]

Android
A flat robot head, a bright sea green semicircle with antennas and small holes for eyes.
ਸਕਰੀਨਸ਼ਾਟ
Android 13 home screen with Pixel Launcher
ਉੱਨਤਕਾਰVarious (mostly Google)
ਲਿਖਿਆ ਹੋਇਆJava, Kotlin (UI), C (core), C++ and others
ਓਐੱਸ ਪਰਿਵਾਰUnix-like (modified Linux kernel)
ਕਮਕਾਜੀ ਹਾਲਤCurrent
ਸਰੋਤ ਮਾਡਲOpen source, freeware (most devices include proprietary components, such as Google Play Services or One UI)
ਪਹਿਲੀ ਰਿਲੀਜ਼ਸਤੰਬਰ 23, 2008; 15 ਸਾਲ ਪਹਿਲਾਂ (2008-09-23)
ਹਾਲੀਆ ਰਿਲੀਜ਼Android 13 / ਅਗਸਤ 15, 2022; Lua error in ਮੌਡਿਊਲ:Time_ago at line 98: attempt to index field '?' (a nil value). (2022-08-15)
ਹਾਲੀਆ ਰਿਲੀਜ਼Android 14: DP1 / ਫਰਵਰੀ 8, 2023; Lua error in ਮੌਡਿਊਲ:Time_ago at line 98: attempt to index field '?' (a nil value). (2023-02-08)[5]
ਬਾਜ਼ਾਰੀ ਟੀਚਾSmartphones, tablet computers, smart TVs (Android TV), Android Auto and smartwatches (Wear OS)
ਵਿੱਚ ਉਪਲਬਧ100+ languages
ਅੱਪਡੇਟ ਤਰੀਕਾOver-the-air
ਪੈਕੇਜ ਮਨੇਜਰAPK-based
ਪਲੇਟਫਾਰਮARM64 (previous versions were also compatible with ARMv7, x86, x86-64 and RISC-V unofficially still supported via third-party solutions)[6][7]
ਕਰਨਲ ਕਿਸਮMonolithic (Linux kernel)
UserlandBionic libc, mksh shell, Toybox as core utilities
ਡਿਫਲਟ
ਵਰਤੋਂਕਾਰ ਇੰਟਰਫ਼ੇਸ
Graphical (multi-touch)
ਲਸੰਸ
Support status
Supported
Articles in the series
Android version history
{{Infobox OS
| name = Android
| logo = Android logo 2019 (stacked).svg
| logo caption = 
| logo size = 121px
| logo alt = A flat robot head, a bright sea green semicircle with antennas and small holes for eyes.
| screenshot =
| screenshot_size = 214px
| caption = [[Android 13]] home screen with Pixel Launcher
| collapsible = no
| developer = Various (mostly [[Google]])
| family = [[Unix-like]] (modified [[Linux kernel]])
| working state = Current
| source model = [[Open source software|Open source]], [[freeware]] (most devices include [[proprietary software|proprietary]] components, such as [[Google Play Services]] or [[One UI]])
| released = {{Start date and age|2008|9|23}}
| latest preview version = Android 14: DP1
| latest preview date = {{Start date and age|2023|2|8}}<ref name=beta3>{{Cite web |title=Release notes |url=https://developer.android.com/about/versions/14/release-notes |access-date=2023-02-08 |website=Android Developers |language=en}}</ref>
| latest release version = [[Android 13]]
| latest release date = {{Start date and age|2022|8|15}}
| marketing target = [[Smartphone]]s, [[tablet computer]]s, [[smart TV]]s ([[Android TV]]), [[Android Auto]] and [[smartwatch]]es ([[Wear OS]])
| programmed in = [[Java (programming language)|Java]], [[Kotlin (programming language)|Kotlin]] (UI), [[C (programming language)|C]] (core), [[C++]] and others
| language = <!-- Supported human languages (English, French, Italian, Arabic, ...) -->
| language count = 100+ <!--7.0 has "100 new languages", so 170? or just 100[+]? -->
| update model = [[Over-the-air update|Over-the-air]]
| package manager = [[Android application package|APK]]-based
| supported platforms = [[ARM64]] (previous versions were also compatible with ARMv7, x86, x86-64 and RISC-V unofficially still supported via third-party solutions)<ref>{{Cite web|last=García|first=Érika|title=Google bans 32-bit apps from Android for good|date=September 2021|url=https://blog.en.uptodown.com/google-bans-32-bit-apps-from-android-for-good/|access-date=2021-11-22|language=en-US}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|date=2021-06-12|title=32-bits is dead: Here's what it means for Android, Apple, and more|url=https://www.androidauthority.com/arm-32-vs-64-bit-explained-1232065/|access-date=2021-11-22|website=Android Authority}}</ref>
| kernel type = [[Monolithic kernel|Monolithic]] ([[Linux kernel]])
| userland = [[Bionic (software)|Bionic libc]], [[KornShell|mksh]] shell, [[Toybox]] as core utilities <!-- Toybox in all currently supported, i.e. not in 6.0 and earlier: previously native core utilities with a few from [[NetBSD]] -->
| ui = [[Graphical user interface|Graphical]] ([[multi-touch]])
| license = {{unbulleted list|[[Apache License]] 2.0 for userspace software|[[GNU GPL]] v2 for the [[Linux kernel]] modifications}}
| website = {{Official URL}}
| support_status = Supported
| other articles = [[Android version history]]
}}

ਹਵਾਲੇ

  1. {{{RTM_url}}}
  2. {{{GA_url}}}
  3. {{{release_url}}}
  4. {{{preview_url}}}
  5. "Release notes". Android Developers (in ਅੰਗਰੇਜ਼ੀ). Retrieved 2023-02-08.
  6. García, Érika (September 2021). "Google bans 32-bit apps from Android for good" (in ਅੰਗਰੇਜ਼ੀ (ਅਮਰੀਕੀ)). Retrieved 2021-11-22.
  7. "32-bits is dead: Here's what it means for Android, Apple, and more". Android Authority. 2021-06-12. Retrieved 2021-11-22.

See also[ਸੋਧੋ]