ਸਮੱਗਰੀ 'ਤੇ ਜਾਓ

ਇਰਾਕ ਯੁੱਧ

ਵਿਕੀਪੀਡੀਆ, ਇੱਕ ਆਜ਼ਾਦ ਵਿਸ਼ਵਕੋਸ਼ ਤੋਂ
ਇਰਾਕ ਯੁੱਧ
ਦਹਿਸ਼ਤ ਦੀ ਜੰਗ ਦਾ ਹਿੱਸਾ

Clockwise from top: U.S. troops at Uday and Qusay Hussein's hideout; insurgents in northern Iraq; an Iraqi insurgent firing a MANPADS; the toppling of the Saddam Hussein statue in Firdos Square.
ਮਿਤੀ20 ਮਾਰਚ 2003 (2003-03-20) – 18 ਦਸੰਬਰ 2011 (2011-12-18)
(8 ਸਾਲ, 8 ਮਹੀਨੇ ਅਤੇ 28 ਦਿਨ)
ਥਾਂ/ਟਿਕਾਣਾ
Iraq
ਨਤੀਜਾ
Belligerents

Invasion phase (2003)
 United States
 United Kingdom
 Australia
ਫਰਮਾ:Country data Poland

support from:
ਫਰਮਾ:Country data Kurdistan Peshmerga

Invasion phase (2003)

Ba'athist Iraq

Post-invasion
(2003–11)
  United States
 United Kingdom
 Australia (2003–09)
New Iraqi government

supported by:
ਈਰਾਨ Iran[1][2]

ਫਰਮਾ:Country data Iraqi Kurdistan

Post-invasion (2003–11)
ง Iraqi Regional Branch

Sunni insurgents

Shia insurgents

supported by:
ਈਰਾਨ Iran

For fighting between insurgent groups, see Sectarian violence in Iraq (2006–07).
Commanders and leaders
Ayad Allawi
Ibrahim al-Jaafari
Nouri al-Maliki
ਤਸਵੀਰ:Flag of Multi-National Force– Iraq.png Ricardo Sanchez
ਤਸਵੀਰ:Flag of Multi-National Force– Iraq.png George W. Casey, Jr.
ਤਸਵੀਰ:Flag of Multi-National Force– Iraq.png David Petraeus
ਤਸਵੀਰ:Flag of United States Forces– Iraq.png Raymond T. Odierno
ਤਸਵੀਰ:Flag of United States Forces– Iraq.png Lloyd Austin
George W. Bush
Tommy Franks
Barack Obama
Tony Blair
Gordon Brown
David Cameron
John Howard

ਫਰਮਾ:Country data NATO Anders Fogh Rasmussen

ਫਰਮਾ:Country data Poland Aleksander Kwaśniewski

Ba'ath Party
Saddam Husseinਫਰਮਾ:POW
Izzat Ibrahim ad-Douri

Sunni insurgency
Abu Musab al-Zarqawi †
Abu Ayyub al-Masri †
Abu Omar al-Baghdadi †
Abu Bakr al-Baghdadi
ਤਸਵੀਰ:IAILogo.png Ishmael Jubouri
Abu Abdullah al-Shafi'iਫਰਮਾ:POW

Shia insurgency
Muqtada al-Sadr
Abu Deraa
Qais al-Khazali
Akram al-Kabi

Strength

Invasion forces (2003–04)
309,000
 United States: 192,000[14]
 United Kingdom: 45,000
 Australia: 2,000
ਫਰਮਾ:Country data Poland: 194
ਫਰਮਾ:Country data Kurdistan Peshmerga: 70,000

Coalition forces (2004–09)
176,000 at peak
United States Forces– Iraq (2010–11)
112,000 at activation
Security contractors 6,000–7,000 (estimate)[15]
Iraqi security forces
805,269 (military and paramilitary: 578,269,[16] police: 227,000)
Awakening militias
≈103,000 (2008)[17]


Iraqi Kurdistan
≈400,000 (Kurdish Border Guard: 30,000,[18] Peshmerga 375,000)

Iraqi Armed Forces: 375,000 (disbanded in 2003)
Special Iraqi Republican Guard: 12,000
Iraqi Republican Guard: 70,000–75,000
Fedayeen Saddam: 30,000

Sunni Insurgents
≈70,000 (2007)[19]
al-Qaeda
≈1,300 (2006)[20]

Islamic State of Iraq
≈1,000 (2008)
Army of the Men of the Naqshbandi Order
≈500–1,000 (2007)
Casualties and losses

Iraqi Security Forces (post-Saddam)
ਮਾਰੇ ਗਏ: 17,690[21]
ਜਖਮੀ: 40,000+[22]

Coalition forces
ਮਾਰੇ ਗਏ: 4,815[23][24] (4,497 U.S.,[25] 179 UK,[26] 139 other)[23]
Missing/captured (U.S.): 17 (8 rescued, 9 died in captivity)[27]
ਜਖਮੀ: 32,753+ (32,226 U.S.,[28] 315 UK, 212+ other[29])[30][31][32][33] Injured/diseases/other medical*: 51,139 (47,541 U.S.,[34] 3,598 UK)[30][32][33]

Contractors
ਮਾਰੇ ਗਏ: 1,554[35][36]
ਜਖਮੀ & injured: 43,880[35][36]

Awakening Councils
ਮਾਰੇ ਗਏ: 1,002+[37]
ਜਖਮੀ: 500+ (2007),[38] 828 (2008)[39]

ਕੁੱਲ dead: 25,286
ਕੁੱਲ ਜਖਮੀ: 117,961

Iraqi combatant dead (invasion period): 7,600–10,800[40][41] Insurgents (post-Saddam)
ਮਾਰੇ ਗਏ: 26,544 (2003–11)[42]
Detainees: 12,000 (Iraqi-held)[43]

ਕੁੱਲ dead: 34,144–37,344

Estimated violent deaths:
Lancet survey (March 2003– July 2006): 601,027 (95% CI: 426,369–793,663)[44][45]
Iraq Family Health Survey (March 2003– July 2006): 151,000 (95% CI: 104,000–223,000)[46]

Documented deaths from violence:
Iraq Body Count (2003– 14 December 2011): 103,160–113,728 civilian deaths recorded,[47] and 12,438 new deaths added from the Iraq War Logs[48]
Associated Press (March 2003– April 2009): 110,600[49]

For more information see: Casualties of the Iraq War
* "injured, diseased, or other medical": required medical air transport. UK number includes "aeromed evacuations"
** ਕੁੱਲ deaths include all additional deaths due to increased lawlessness, degraded infrastructure, poorer healthcare, etc.

ਇਰਾਕ ਯੁੱਧ ਇੱਕ ਲੰਬਾ ਹਥਿਆਰਬੰਦ ਵਿਦਰੋਹ ਸੀ। ਇਹ ਅਮਰੀਕਾ ਅਤੇ ਇਸਦੇ ਸਾਥੀਆਂ ਦੁਆਰਾ ਇਰਾਕ ਦੇ 2003 ਦੇ ਹਮਲੇ ਤੋ ਸ਼ੁਰੂ ਹੋਇਆ ਸੀ। ਇਸ ਹਮਲੇ ਨੇ ਸਦਾਮ ਹੁਸੈਨ ਦੀ ਸਰਕਾਰ ਨੂੰ ਸੱਤਾ ਤੋਂ ਲਾਹ ਦਿੱਤਾ।

ਹਵਾਲੇ

[ਸੋਧੋ]
  1. ↑ Elaheh Rostami-Povey, Iran's Influence: A Religious-Political State and Society in its Region, p130-154, Zed Books Ltd 2010.
  2. ↑ "ਪੁਰਾਲੇਖ ਕੀਤੀ ਕਾਪੀ" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on 2016-03-05. Retrieved 2016-12-05. {{cite web}}: Unknown parameter |dead-url= ignored (|url-status= suggested) (help)
  3. ↑ ਫਰਮਾ:Cite av media
  4. ↑ "Operations By Iran's Military Mastermind - Business Insider". Business Insider. 9 July 2014. Archived from the original on 7 ਜੁਲਾਈ 2018. Retrieved 5 ਦਸੰਬਰ 2016.
  5. ↑ "Sectarian divisions change Baghdad's image". MSNBC. 3 July 2006. Retrieved 18 February 2007.
  6. ↑ 6.0 6.1 "The JRTN Movement and Iraq's Next Insurgency | Combating Terrorism Center at West Point". Ctc.usma.edu. Archived from the original on 2011-08-26. Retrieved 2014-08-02. {{cite news}}: Unknown parameter |dead-url= ignored (|url-status= suggested) (help)
  7. ↑ Michael Petrou (9 September 2011). "The decline of al-Qaeda". Maclean's. George W. Bush gambled on surging thousands more troops to the embattled country. It paid off. Al-Qaeda in Iraq is now a diminished force without territory.
  8. ↑ Spencer C. Tucker. U.S. Conflicts in the 21st Century: Afghanistan War, Iraq War, and the War on Terror. ISBN 1440838798. Al Qaeda in Iraq was decimated by the end of the Iraq War in 2011
  9. ↑ Galbraith, Peter W. (2007). The End of Iraq: How American Incompetence Created a War Without End. Simon & Schuster. ISBN 978-0743294249.[page needed]
  10. ↑ "Iran expands regional 'empire' ahead of nuclear deal". Reuters. Archived from the original on 2015-11-10. Retrieved 2016-12-05. {{cite web}}: Unknown parameter |dead-url= ignored (|url-status= suggested) (help) Archived 2015-11-10 at the Wayback Machine.
  11. ↑ "How to Stop Iran's Growing Hegemony - National Review Online". National Review Online.
  12. ↑ "Al-Qaeda's Resurgence in Iraq: A Threat to U.S. Interests". U.S Department of State. 5 February 2014. Retrieved 26 November 2010.
  13. ↑ "Operations By Iran's Military Mastermind - Business Insider". Business Insider. 9 July 2014.
  14. ↑ "A Timeline of Iraq War, Troop Levels". The Huffington Post.
  15. ↑ "Deputy Assistant Secretary for International Programs Charlene Lamb's Remarks on Private Contractors in Iraq". U.S. Department of State. 17 July 2009. Retrieved 23 October 2010.
  16. ↑ International Institute for Strategic Studies; Hackett, James (ed.) (3 February 2010). The Military Balance 2010. London: Routledge. ISBN 1-85743-557-5. {{cite book}}: |author2= has generic name (help)[page needed]
  17. ↑ Rubin, Alissa J.; Nordland, Rod (29 March 2009). "Troops Arrest an Awakening Council Leader in Iraq, Setting Off Fighting". The New York Times. Retrieved 30 March 2010.
  18. ↑ "The Kurdish peshmerga forces will not be integrated into the Iraqi army: Mahmoud Sangawi— Interview". Ekurd.net. 22 January 2010. Archived from the original on 2 ਅਪ੍ਰੈਲ 2019. Retrieved 23 October 2010. {{cite web}}: Check date values in: |archive-date= (help); Unknown parameter |dead-url= ignored (|url-status= suggested) (help)
  19. ↑ The Brookings Institution Iraq Index: Tracking Variables of Reconstruction & Security in Post-Saddam Iraq Archived 2013-10-19 at the Wayback Machine. 1 October 2007
  20. ↑ Pincus, Walter. "Violence in Iraq Called Increasingly Complex". The Washington Post, 17 November 2006.
  21. ↑ 260 ਮਾਰੇ ਗਏ in 2003,[1] 15,196 ਮਾਰੇ ਗਏ from 2004 through 2009 (with the exceptions of May 2004 and March 2009),[2] 67 ਮਾਰੇ ਗਏ in March 2009,[3] Archived 2012-02-26 at the Wayback Machine. 1,100 ਮਾਰੇ ਗਏ in 2010,[4] Archived 2013-01-16 at the Wayback Machine. and 1,067 ਮਾਰੇ ਗਏ in 2011,[5] thus giving a ਕੁੱਲ of 17,690 dead
  22. ↑ "Iraq War" (PDF). U.S. Department of State. Retrieved 18 November 2012.
  23. ↑ 23.0 23.1 "Operation Iraqi Freedom". iCasualties. Archived from the original on 21 ਮਾਰਚ 2011. Retrieved 24 August 2010. {{cite web}}: Unknown parameter |dead-url= ignored (|url-status= suggested) (help)
  24. ↑ "Home and Away: Iraq and Afghanistan War Casualties". CNN. Retrieved 30 March 2010.
  25. ↑ "Casualty" (PDF). Retrieved 29 June 2016.
  26. ↑ "Fact Sheets | Operations Factsheets | Operations in Iraq: British Fatalities". Ministry of Defence of the United Kingdom. Archived from the original on 11 October 2009. Retrieved 17 October 2009.
  27. ↑ "POW and MIA in Iraq and Afghanistan Fast Facts". CNN. Retrieved 5 June 2014.; As of July 2012, seven American private contractors remain unaccounted for. Their names are: Jeffrey Ake, Aban Elias, Abbas Kareem Naama, Neenus Khoshaba, Bob Hamze, Dean Sadek and Hussain al-Zurufi. Healy, Jack, "With Withdrawal Looming, Trails Grow Cold For Americans Missing In Iraq", The New York Times, 22 May 2011, p. 6.
  28. ↑ "Casualty" (PDF). U.S. Department of Defense. Retrieved 18 November 2012.
  29. ↑ 33 Ukrainians [6] Archived 2009-08-08 at the Wayback Machine., 31+ Italians [7] [8] Archived 2011-04-28 at the Wayback Machine., 30 Bulgarians [9] [10], 20 Salvadorans [11], 19 Georgians [12] Archived 2011-05-13 at the Wayback Machine., 18 Estonians [13], 16+ Poles [14] [15] Archived 2007-06-12 at the Wayback Machine. [16] [17] [18], 15 Spaniards [19] [20] [21] [22], 10 Romanians [23], 6 Australians "Archived copy". Archived from the original on 28 April 2011. Retrieved 6 January 2011. {{cite web}}: Unknown parameter |deadurl= ignored (|url-status= suggested) (help)CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link), 5 Albanians, 4 Kazakhs [24] Archived 2012-01-30 at the Wayback Machine., 3 Filipinos [25] Archived 2011-07-07 at the Wayback Machine. and 2 Thais [26] ਗਏ-1-injured-br-0[permanent dead link] for a ਕੁੱਲ of 212+
  30. ↑ 30.0 30.1 Many official U.S.tables at "Military Casualty Information" Archived 2011-03-03 at the Wayback Machine.. See latest ਕੁੱਲs for injury, disease/other medical[permanent dead link]
  31. ↑ "Casualties in Iraq".
  32. ↑ 32.0 32.1 iCasualties.org (was lunaville.org). Benicia, California. Patricia Kneisler, et al., "Iraq Coalition Casualties" Archived 2011-03-21 at the Wayback Machine.
  33. ↑ 33.0 33.1 "Defence Internet Fact Sheets Operations in Iraq: British Casualties" Archived 2006-11-14 at the Wayback Machine.. UK Ministry of Defense. Latest combined casualty and fatality tables. Archived 14 November 2006 at the Wayback Machine.
  34. ↑ http://siadapp.dmdc.osd.mil/personnel/CASUALTY/oif-ਕੁੱਲ.pdf[permanent dead link]
  35. ↑ 35.0 35.1 "Office of Workers' Compensation Programs (OWCP) – Defense Base Act Case Summary by Nation". U.S.Department of Labor. Retrieved 15 December 2011.
  36. ↑ 36.0 36.1 T. Christian Miller (23 September 2009). "U.S.Government Private Contract Worker Deaths and Injuries". Projects.propublica.org. Archived from the original on 27 ਜੁਲਾਈ 2011. Retrieved 23 October 2010. {{cite web}}: Unknown parameter |dead-url= ignored (|url-status= suggested) (help)
  37. ↑ 185 in Diyala from June 2007 to December 2007,[27] 4 in assassination of Abu Risha, 25 on 12 November 2007,[28] Archived 2013-05-14 at the Wayback Machine. 528 in 2008,[29] 27 on 2 January 2009,[30] 53 From 6 to 12 April 2009,[31] Archived 2011-05-13 at the Wayback Machine. 13 on 16 November 2009,[32] 15 in December 2009,[33] 100+ from April to June 2010,[34] [35] 52 on 18 July 2010,[36] [37]ਕੁੱਲ of 1,002+ dead Archived 18 April 2009 at the Wayback Machine.
  38. ↑ Moore, Solomon; Oppel, Richard A. (24 January 2008). "Attacks Imperil U.S.-Backed Militias in Iraq". The New York Times.
  39. ↑ Greg Bruno. "Finding a Place for the 'Sons of Iraq'". Council on Foreign Relations. Retrieved 26 December 2011.
  40. ↑ Press release (28 October 2003). "New Study Finds: 11,000 to 15,000 ਮਾਰੇ ਗਏ in Iraq War; 30 Percent are Non-Combatants; Death Toll Hurts Postwar Stability Efforts, Damages US Image Abroad". Project on Defense Alternatives (via Common Dreams NewsCenter). Retrieved 2 September 2010. Archived 17 October 2006 at the Wayback Machine.
  41. ↑ Conetta, Carl (23 October 2003). "The Wages of War: Iraqi Combatant and Noncombatant Fatalities in the 2003 Conflict— Project on Defense Alternative Research Monograph #8" Archived 2009-09-02 at the Wayback Machine.. Project on Defense Alternatives (via Commonwealth Institute). Retrieved 2 September 2010.
  42. ↑ 597 ਮਾਰੇ ਗਏ in 2003,[38], 23,984 ਮਾਰੇ ਗਏ from 2004 through 2009 (with the exceptions of May 2004 and March 2009),[39] 652 ਮਾਰੇ ਗਏ in May 2004,[40] 45 ਮਾਰੇ ਗਏ in March 2009,[41] Archived 2009-09-03 at the Wayback Machine. 676 ਮਾਰੇ ਗਏ in 2010,[42] and 590 ਮਾਰੇ ਗਏ in 2011,[43] thus giving a ਕੁੱਲ of 26,544 dead
  43. ↑ "Amnesty: Iraq holds up to 30,000 detainees without trial". CNN. 13 September 2010. Archived from the original on 23 ਅਕਤੂਬਰ 2010. Retrieved 6 January 2011. {{cite news}}: Unknown parameter |dead-url= ignored (|url-status= suggested) (help)
  44. ↑ ""Mortality after the 2003 invasion of Iraq: a cross-sectional cluster sample survey"" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on 2015-09-07. Retrieved 2016-12-05. {{cite web}}: Unknown parameter |dead-url= ignored (|url-status= suggested) (help)(242KB). By Gilbert Burnham, Riyadh Lafta, Shannon Doocy, and Les Roberts. The Lancet, 11 October 2006
  45. ↑ ""The Human Cost of the War in Iraq: A Mortality Study, 2002–2006"" (PDF).(603KB). By Gilbert Burnham, Shannon Doocy, Elizabeth Dzeng, Riyadh Lafta, and Les Roberts. A supplement to the October 2006 Lancet study. It is also found here: [44] Archived 2016-05-15 at the Portuguese Web Archive [45]
  46. ↑ "Iraq Family Health Survey" New England Journal of Medicine 31 January 2008
  47. ↑ "Iraq Body Count". Retrieved 27 April 2014.
  48. ↑ "Iraq War Logs: What the numbers reveal". Iraq Body Count. Retrieved 3 December 2010.
  49. ↑ Kim Gamel (23 April 2009). "AP Impact: Secret tally has 87,215 Iraqis dead". Fox News. Retrieved 26 April 2014.
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