ਪੁਰਤਗਾਲੀ ਸਾਮਰਾਜ
ਦਿੱਖ
ਪੁਰਤਗਾਲੀ ਸਾਮਰਾਜ Império Português | |||||
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ਮਾਟੋ: "Vis Unita Maior Nunc et Semper" (ਲਾਤੀਨੀ) "ਹੁਣ ਅਤੇ ਹਮੇਸ਼ਾ, ਇਕੱਠੇ ਅਸੀਂ ਹੋਰ ਭਾਰੀ ਹਾਂ" | |||||
ਐਨਥਮ: O Hino da Carta (1834–1911) A Portuguesa (1911–2002) | |||||
ਰਾਜਧਾਨੀ | ਲਿਸਬਨ a | ||||
ਅਧਿਕਾਰਤ ਭਾਸ਼ਾਵਾਂ | ਪੁਰਤਗਾਲੀ | ||||
ਸਰਕਾਰ |
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• ਮਹਾਰਾਜਾ (ਪਹਿਲਾ) | ਜਾਨ ਪਹਿਲਾ | ||||
• ਮਹਾਰਾਜਾ (ਆਖ਼ਰੀ) | ਮਾਨੁਅਲ ਦੂਜਾ | ||||
• ਰਾਸ਼ਟਰਪਤੀ (ਪਹਿਲਾ) | ਮਾਨੁਅਲ ਦੇ ਆਰੀਆਗਾ | ||||
• ਰਾਸ਼ਟਰਪਤੀ (ਆਖ਼ਰੀ) | ਹੋਰਹੇ ਸੰਪਾਈਓ | ||||
1415 ਸੇਊਤਾ ਉੱਤੇ ਕਬਜ਼ਾ | |||||
• ਭਾਰਤ ਵੱਲ ਦਾ ਸਮੁੰਦਰੀ ਰਾਹ | 1498 | ||||
• ਬ੍ਰਾਜ਼ੀਲ ਦੀ ਖੋਜ | 1500 | ||||
• ਕੋਰਟ ਤਬਾਦਲਾ | 1807 | ||||
• ਪੁਰਤਗਾਲ, ਬ੍ਰਾਜ਼ੀਲ ਅਤੇ ਅਲਗਾਰਵੇਸ ਦੀ ਸੰਯੁਕਤ ਬਾਦਸ਼ਾਹੀ | 1815 | ||||
• ਬ੍ਰਾਜ਼ੀਲੀ ਸੁਤੰਤਰਤਾ | 1825 | ||||
• ਪੁਰਤਗਾਲੀ ਗਣਰਾਜ | 1910 | ||||
• ਭਾਰਤੀ ਬਸਤੀਆਂ ਦਾ ਖਸਾਰਾ | 1961 | ||||
• ਕਾਰਨੇਸ਼ਨ ਇਨਕਲਾਬ | 1974–1975 | ||||
• ਆਖ਼ਰੀ ਬਸਤੀ (ਯਥਾਰਥ) | 1999 | ||||
• ਆਖ਼ਰੀ ਬਸਤੀ (ਕਨੂੰਨੀ) b | 2002 | ||||
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ਪੁਰਤਗਾਲੀ ਸਾਮਰਾਜ (ਪੁਰਤਗਾਲੀ: [Império Português] Error: {{Lang}}: text has italic markup (help)), ਜਾਂ ਪੁਰਤਗਾਲੀ ਵਿਦੇਸ਼ੀ ਸਾਮਰਾਜ (Ultramar Português) ਜਾਂ ਪੁਰਤਗਾਲੀ ਬਸਤੀਵਾਦੀ ਸਾਮਰਾਜ (Império Colonial Português), ਇਤਿਹਾਸ ਦਾ ਪਹਿਲਾ ਵਿਸ਼ਵ-ਵਿਆਪੀ ਸਾਮਰਾਜ ਸੀ।[1][2][3] ਇਹ ਯੂਰਪੀ ਬਸਤੀਵਾਦੀ ਸਾਮਰਾਜਾਂ ਵਿੱਚੋਂ ਸਭ ਤੋਂ ਵੱਧ ਉਮਰ ਵਾਲਾ ਸਾਮਰਾਜ ਵੀ ਸੀ ਜੋ ਛੇ ਸਦੀਆਂ ਕਾਇਮ ਰਿਹਾ; 1415 ਵਿੱਚ ਸੇਊਤਾ ਉੱਤੇ ਕਬਜੇ ਤੋਂ ਲੈ ਕੇ 1999 ਵਿੱਚ ਮਕਾਓ ਨੂੰ ਵਾਪਸ ਸੌਂਪਣ ਤੱਕ ਜਾਂ 2002 ਵਿੱਚ ਪੂਰਬੀ ਤਿਮੋਰ ਨੂੰ ਖ਼ੁਦਮੁਖ਼ਤਿਆਰੀ ਦੇਣ ਤੱਕ। ਇਹ ਸਾਮਰਾਜ ਇੰਨਾ ਵੱਡਾ ਸੀ ਕਿ ਇਸ ਦੇ ਰਾਜਖੇਤਰ ਹੁਣ ਦੁਨੀਆ ਦੇ 52 ਵੱਖੋ-ਵੱਖ ਖ਼ੁਦਮੁਖ਼ਤਿਆਰ ਮੁਲਕ ਹਨ।
ਹਵਾਲੇ
[ਸੋਧੋ]
ਪੁਸਤਕ ਮਾਲਾ
[ਸੋਧੋ]- Andrada (undated). The Life of Dom John de Castro: The Fourth Vice Roy of India. Jacinto Freire de Andrada. Translated into English by Peter Wyche. (1664) Henry Herrington, New Exchange, London. Facsimilie edition (1994) AES Reprint, New Delhi. ISBN 81-206-0900-X.
- Abeyasinghe, Tikiri (1986). Jaffna Under the Portuguese. Lake House Investments. ISBN 978-9555520003.
- Brockey, Liam Matthew (2008). Portuguese colonial cities in the early modern world. Ashgate Publishing, Ltd. ISBN 978-0-7546-6313-3.
- Page, Sonnenburg, Melvin Eugene, Penny M. (2003). Colonialism: an international, social, cultural, and political encyclopedia, Volume 2. ABC-CLIO. ISBN 1-57607-335-1.
{{cite book}}
: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link) - Abernethy, David (2000). The Dynamics of Global Dominance, European Overseas Empires 1415–1980. Yale University Press. ISBN 0-300-09314-4.
- Anderson, James Maxwell (2000). The History of Portugal. Greenwood Publishing Group. ISBN 0-313-31106-4.
- Bakewell, Peter (2009). A History of Latin America to 1825. Wiley-Blackwell. ISBN 978-1405183680.
- Bethencourt, Francisco; Curto, Diogo Ramada (2007). Portuguese Overseas Expansion, 1400-1800. Cambridge University Press. ISBN 970-0-521-84644-8.
{{cite book}}
: Check|isbn=
value: invalid prefix (help) - Boxer, Charles Ralph (1969). The Portuguese Seaborne Empire 1415–1825. Hutchinson. ISBN 0-09-131071-7.
- Boyajian, James (2008). Portuguese Trade in Asia Under the Habsburgs, 1580–1640. JHU Press. ISBN 0-8018-8754-2.
- Coates, Timothy Joel (2002). Convicts and Orphans: Forced and State-Sponsored Colonization in the Portuguese Empire, 1550-1755. Stanford University Press. ISBN 9780804733595.
- Corrado, Jacopo (2008). The Creole Elite and the Rise of Angolan Protonationalism: 1870-1920. Cambria Press. ISBN 9781604975291.
- Davies, Kenneth Gordon (1974). The North Atlantic World in the Seventeenth Century. University of Minnesota Press. ISBN 0-8166-0713-3.
- Davis, David Brion (2006). Inhuman Bondage: The Rise And Fall of Slavery in the New World. Oxford University Press. ISBN 9780195140736.
- Daus, Ronald (1983). Die Erfindung des Kolonialismus. Wuppertal/Germany: Peter Hammer Verlag. p. 33. ISBN 3-87294-202-6.
{{cite book}}
: Cite has empty unknown parameter:|coauthors=
(help) - Diffie, Bailey (1977). Foundations of the Portuguese Empire, 1415–1580. University of Minnesota Press. ISBN 0-8166-0782-6.
- Disney, A.R. (2009). History of Portugal and the Portuguese Empire Volume 1, Portugal: From Beginnings to 1807. Cambridge University Press. ISBN 978-0521843188.
- Dodge, Ernest Stanley (1976). Islands and Empires: Western Impact on the Pacific and East Asia. University of Minnesota Press. ISBN 978-0816607884.
- Gallagher, Tom (1982). Portugal: A Twentieth Century Interpretation. St. Martin's Press. ISBN 9780719008764.
- Gann, Louis Henry; Duignan, Peter (1972). Africa and the World: An Introduction to the History of Sub-Saharan Africa from Antiquity to 1840. University Press of America. ISBN 970-0-521-84644-8.
{{cite book}}
: Check|isbn=
value: invalid prefix (help) - Herring, Hubert Clinton; Herring, Helen Baldwin (1968). A history of Latin America, from the beginnings to the present. Knopf. ISBN 0-224-60284-5.
- Jesus, Carlos Augusto Montalto (1902). Historic Macao. Kelly & Walsh, ltd. ISBN 9781143225352.
- Juang, Morrissette, Richard M., Noelle Anne (2008). Africa and the Americas: culture, politics, and history: a multidisciplinary encyclopedia, Volume 2. ABC-CLIO. ISBN 978-1-85109-441-7.
{{cite book}}
: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link) - Kamen, Henry (1999). Philip of Spain. Yale University Press. ISBN 9780300078008.
- Kozák, Jan; Cermák, Vladimir (2007). The Illustrated History of Natural Disasters. Springer. ISBN 9789048133246.
- Kup, Alexander Peter (1961). A History of Sierra Leone: 1400-1787. Cambridge University Press.
- Lach, Donald F. (1994). Asia in the Making of Europe, Volume I: The Century of Discovery. University of Chicago Press. ISBN 9780226467085.
- Ladle, Jane (2000). Brazil. American Map. ISBN 9780887291302.
- Lisboa, Maria Manuel (2008). Paula Rego's Map of Memory: National and Sexual Politics. Ashgate Publishing. ISBN 978-0-7546-0720-5.
- Lockhart, James (1983). Early Latin America: A History of Colonial Spanish America and Brazil. Cambridge University Press. ISBN 0-521-29929-2.
- Macmillan, Allister (2000). Mauritius Illustrated. Educa Books, Facsimile edition. ISBN 0-313-31106-4.
- Mahoney, James (2010). Colonialism and Postcolonial Development Spanish America in Comparative Perspective. Cambridge University Press. ISBN 9780521116343.
- Malekandathil, Pius (2010). Maritime India: Trade, Religion and Polity in the Indian Ocean. Primus Books. ISBN 978-9380607016.
- Marley, David (2008). Wars of the Americas: A Chronology of Armed Conflict in the Western Hemisphere (2 Volumes). University of Oklahoma Press. ISBN 978-1598841008.
- Marley, David (2005). Historic Cities of the Americas: An Illustrated Encyclopedia, Volume 1. ABC-CLIO. ISBN 978-1-57607-574-6.
- McAlister, Lyle (1984). Spain and Portugal in the New World, 1492–1700. University of Minnesota Press. ISBN 0-8166-1216-1.
- Metcalf, Alida C. (2005). Go-Betweens and the Colonization of Brazil: 1500-1600. University of Texas Press. ISBN 978-0-292-71276-8.
- Metcalf, Alida C. (2005). Family and Frontier in Colonial Brazil: Santana de Parnaíba, 1580-1822. University of Texas Press. ISBN 978-0-292-70652-1.
- Newitt, Malyn D.D. (2005). A History of Portuguese Overseas Expansion, 1400–1668. Routledge. ISBN 0-415-23979-6. Archived from the original on 2011-12-14. Retrieved 2013-02-08.
{{cite book}}
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ignored (|url-status=
suggested) (help) - Newitt, Malyn D.D. (1995). A History of Mozambique. Indiana University Press. ISBN 978-0-253-34006-1.
- O'Flanagan, Patrick (2008). Port Cities of Atlantic Iberia, c. 1500–1900. Ashgate Publishing. ISBN 978-0-7546-6109-2.
- de Oliveira Marques, A.H. (1972). History of Portugal: From Lusitania to Empire; Vol. 1. Columbia University Press. ISBN 978-05218431889.
{{cite book}}
: Check|isbn=
value: length (help) - Ooi, Keat Gin (2009). Historical Dictionary of Malaysia. Rowman & Littlefield Publishers, Inc. ISBN 9780810859555.
- Ooi, Keat Gin (2004). Southeast Asia: A Historical Encyclopedia, from Angkor Wat to East Timor: Volume 1. ABC_CLIO. ISBN 978-1-57607-771-9.
- Pearson, Michael (1987). The Portuguese in India. Cambridge University Press. ISBN 0-521-25713-1. Archived from the original on 2011-12-14. Retrieved 2013-02-08.
{{cite book}}
: Unknown parameter|dead-url=
ignored (|url-status=
suggested) (help) - Pickett, Dwayne W.; Pickett, Margaret F. (2011). The European Struggle to Settle North America: Colonizing Attempts by England, France and Spain, 1521-1608. ISBN 9780786459322.
{{cite book}}
: Text "McFarland" ignored (help) - Ponting, Clive (2000). World History: A New Perspective. Chatto & Windus. ISBN 0-7011-6834-X.
- Ricklefs, M.C. (1991). A History of Indonesia since c. 1300, 2nd ed. MacMillan=London. ISBN 0-333-57689-6.
- Rodriguez, Junius P. (2005). Slavery in the United States: A Social, Political, and Historical Encyclopedia: Volume 2. ABC-CLIO. ISBN 978-1-85109-549-0.
- do Rosario Pimente, Maria (1995). Viagem ao fundo das consciências: a escravatura na época moderna. Edições Colibri. ISBN 972-8047-75-4.
- Russell-Wood, A.J.R. (1998). The Portuguese Empire 1415–1808. Johns Hopkins University Press. ISBN 0-8018-5955-7.
- Russell-Wood, A.J.R. (1968). Fidalgos and philanthropists: the Santa Casa da Misericórdia of Bahia, 1550-1755. University of California Press. ASIN B0006BWO3O.
- Scammell, Geoffrey Vaughn (1997). The First Imperial Age, European Overseas Expansion c. 1400–1715. Routledge. ISBN 0-415-09085-7.
- Scarano, Julita (2009). MIGRAÇÃO SOB CONTRATO: A OPINIÃO DE EÇA DE QUEIROZ. Unesp- Ceru. Archived from the original on 2013-02-04. Retrieved 2013-02-08.
{{cite book}}
: Unknown parameter|dead-url=
ignored (|url-status=
suggested) (help) - De Souza, Teotonio R. (1990). Goa Through the Ages:an economic History, Issue 6 of Goa University publication series Volume 2. Concept Publishing Company. ISBN 81-7022-259-1.
- Subrahmanyam, Sanjay (2012). The Portuguese Empire in Asia, 1500-1700: A Political and Economic Historyd. Wiley-Blackwell, 2nd ed. ISBN 978-1-1182-7402-6.
- Treece, Dave (2000). Exiles, Allies, Rebels: Brazil's Indianist Movement, Indigenist Politics, and the Imperial Nation-State. Praeger. ISBN 978-1-85109-549-0.
- White, Paula (2005). Exploration in the World of the Middle Ages, 500-1500. Facts on File, Inc. ISBN 3-87294-202-6.
{{cite book}}
: Unknown parameter|coauthors=
ignored (|author=
suggested) (help) - Whiteway, Richard Stephen (1899). The Rise of Portuguese Power in India, 1497-1550. A. Constable. ISBN 8120605004.
- Yamashiro, José (1991). Choque Luso No Japão Dos Séculos XVI e XVII. Ibrasa. ISBN 1-74059-421-5.
ਬਾਹਰੀ ਕੜੀਆਂ
[ਸੋਧੋ]- Portuguese Empire Timeline
- The First Global Village by Martin Page
- The Portuguese and the East (in Portuguese, Chinese, Japanese and Thai) with English introduction.
- Dutch Portuguese Colonial History Dutch Portuguese Colonial History: history of the Portuguese and the Dutch in Ceylon, India, Malacca, Bengal, Formosa, Africa, Brazil. Language Heritage, lists of remains, maps.
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- ਸਾਮਰਾਜ
- ISBN ਜਾਦੂਈ ਲਿੰਕ ਵਰਤਦੇ ਸਫ਼ੇ