ਪਾਥ ਇੰਟਗ੍ਰਲ ਫਾਰਮੂਲਾ ਵਿਓਂਤਬੰਦੀ
| ਕੁਆਂਟਮ ਮਕੈਨਿਕਸ |
|---|
ਕੁਆਂਟਮ ਮਕੈਨਿਕਸ ਦੀ ਪਾਥ ਇੰਟਗ੍ਰਲ ਫਾਰਮੂਲਾ ਵਿਓਂਤਬੰਦੀ ਕਲਾਸੀਕਲ ਮਕੈਨਿਕਸ ਦੇ ਕਾਰਜ ਸਿਧਾਂਤ ਦਾ ਸਰਵ-ਸਧਾਰੀਕਰਨ ਕਰਨ ਵਾਲੀ ਕੁਆਂਟਮ ਥਿਊਰੀ ਦਾ ਇੱਕ ਵਿਵਰਣ ਹੈ। ਇਹ ਕਿਸੇ ਸਿਸਟਮ ਵਾਸਤੇ ਇੱਕ ਇਕਲੌਤੇ, ਨਿਰਾਲੇ ਵਕਰਿਤ ਰਸਤੇ ਦੀ ਕਲਾਸੀਕਲ ਧਾਰਨਾ ਨੂੰ ਕੁਆਂਟਮ ਐਂਪਲੀਟਿਊਡ ਦਾ ਪਤਾ ਲਗਾਉਣ ਵਾਸਤੇ ਸੰਭਵ ਵਕਰਿਤ ਰਸਤਿਆਂ ਦੇ ਇੱਕ ਅਨੰਤ ਉੱਪਰ ਇੱਕ ਜੋੜ, ਜਾਂ ਫੰਕਸ਼ਨਲ ਇੰਟਗ੍ਰਲ ਨਾਲ ਬਦਲ ਦਿੰਦੀ ਹੈ।
ਕੁਆਂਟਮ ਕਾਰਜ ਸਿਧਾਂਤ
[ਸੋਧੋ]ਫੇਨਮੈਨ ਦੀ ਵਿਆਖਿਆ
[ਸੋਧੋ]ਠੋਸ ਫਾਰਮੂਲਾ ਵਿਓਂਤਬੰਦੀ
[ਸੋਧੋ]ਸਮਾਂ-ਸਲਾਇਸਿੰਗ ਪਰਿਭਾਸ਼ਾ
[ਸੋਧੋ]ਸੁਤੰਤਰ ਕਣ
[ਸੋਧੋ]ਸਰਲ ਹਾਰਮੋਨਿਕ ਗਤੀ
[ਸੋਧੋ]ਸ਼੍ਰੋਡਿੰਜਰ ਇਕੁਏਸ਼ਨ
[ਸੋਧੋ]ਗਤੀ ਸਮੀਕਤਨ
[ਸੋਧੋ]ਠਹਿਰੀ ਫੇਜ਼ ਸੰਖੇਪਤਾ
[ਸੋਧੋ]ਕਾਨੋਨੀਕਲ ਵਟਾਂਦ੍ਰਾਤਮਿਕਤਾ ਸਬੰਧ
[ਸੋਧੋ]ਵਕਰਿਤ ਸਪੇਸ ਅੰਦਰ ਕਣ
[ਸੋਧੋ]ਪਾਥ ਇੰਟਗ੍ਰਲ ਅਤੇ ਵੰਡ ਫੰਕਸ਼ਨ
[ਸੋਧੋ]ਨਾਪ ਸਿਧਾਂਤਿਕ ਹਿੱਸੇ
[ਸੋਧੋ]ਕੁਆਂਟਮ ਫੀਲਡ ਥਿਊਰੀ
[ਸੋਧੋ]ਪ੍ਰਸਾਰਕ
[ਸੋਧੋ]ਫੀਲਡਾਂ ਦੇ ਫੰਕਸ਼ਨਲ
[ਸੋਧੋ]ਉਮੀਦ ਕੀਮਤਾਂ
[ਸੋਧੋ]ਇੱਕ ਪ੍ਰੋਬੇਬਿਲਟੀ ਦੇ ਰੂਪ ਵਿੱਚ
[ਸੋਧੋ]ਸ਼ਵਿੰਗਰ-ਡਾਇਸਨ ਇਕੁਏਸ਼ਨ
[ਸੋਧੋ]ਸਥਾਨਬੱਧਤਾ
[ਸੋਧੋ]ਵਾਰਡ-ਟਾਕਹਾਸ਼ੀ ਆਇਡੈਂਟਿਟੀਆਂ
[ਸੋਧੋ]ਰੈਗੁਲੇਟਰਾਂ ਅਤੇ ਪੁਨਰ-ਮਾਨਕੀਕਰਨ ਦੀ ਜਰੂਰਤ
[ਸੋਧੋ]ਕੁਆਂਟਮ-ਮਕੈਨੀਕਲ ਵਿਆਖਿਆ ਵਿੱਚ ਪਾਥ ਇੰਟਗ੍ਰਲ
[ਸੋਧੋ]ਕੁਆਂਟਮ ਗਰੈਵਿਟੀ
[ਸੋਧੋ]ਕੁਆਂਟਮ ਟਨਲਿੰਗ
[ਸੋਧੋ]ਇਹ ਵੀ ਦੇਖੋ
[ਸੋਧੋ]- ਸ਼੍ਰੋਡਿੰਜਰ ਸਮੀਕਰਨ ਵਾਸਤੇ ਸਿਧਾਂਤਕ ਅਤੇ ਪ੍ਰਯੋਗਿਕ ਪੁਸ਼ਟੀ
- ਠਹਿਰੇ ਹੋਏ ਬਲ ਅਤੇ ਬਣਾਵਟੀ-ਕਣ ਵਟਾਂਦਰਾ
- ਫੇਨਮੈਨ ਚੈਕਬੋਰਡ
- ਪ੍ਰਸਾਰਕ
- ਵੀਲਰ-ਫੇਨਮੈਨ ਅਬਜ਼ੌਰਬਰ ਥਿਊਰੀ
- ਫੇਨਮੈਨ-ਕਾਕ ਫਾਰਮੂਲਾ
ਹਵਾਲੇ
[ਸੋਧੋ]ਨੋਟਸ
[ਸੋਧੋ]ਸੁਝਾਈਆਂ ਗਈਆਂ ਲਿਖਤਾਂ
[ਸੋਧੋ]- Nakli itihaas jo likheya geya hai kade na vaapriya jo ohna de base te, saade te saada itihaas bna ke ehna ne thop dittiyan. anglo sikh war te ek c te 3-4 jagaha te kiwe chal rahi c ikko war utto saal 1848 jdo angrej sara punjab 1845 ch apne under kar chukke c te oh 1848 ch kihna nal jang ladd rahe c. Script error: The function "citation198.168.27.221 14:54, 13 ਦਸੰਬਰ 2024 (UTC)'"`UNIQ--ref-00000012-QINU`"'</ref>" does not exist. The historical reference, written by the inventor of the path integral formulation himself and one of his students.
- Nakli itihaas jo likheya geya hai kade na vaapriya jo ohna de base te, saade te saada itihaas bna ke ehna ne thop dittiyan. anglo sikh war te ek c te 3-4 jagaha te kiwe chal rahi c ikko war utto saal 1848 jdo angrej sara punjab 1845 ch apne under kar chukke c te oh 1848 ch kihna nal jang ladd rahe c. Script error: The function "citation198.168.27.221 14:54, 13 ਦਸੰਬਰ 2024 (UTC)'"`UNIQ--ref-00000013-QINU`"'</ref>" does not exist.
- Nakli itihaas jo likheya geya hai kade na vaapriya jo ohna de base te, saade te saada itihaas bna ke ehna ne thop dittiyan. anglo sikh war te ek c te 3-4 jagaha te kiwe chal rahi c ikko war utto saal 1848 jdo angrej sara punjab 1845 ch apne under kar chukke c te oh 1848 ch kihna nal jang ladd rahe c. Script error: The function "citation198.168.27.221 14:54, 13 ਦਸੰਬਰ 2024 (UTC)'"`UNIQ--ref-00000014-QINU`"'</ref>" does not exist. A highly readable introduction to the subject.
- Nakli itihaas jo likheya geya hai kade na vaapriya jo ohna de base te, saade te saada itihaas bna ke ehna ne thop dittiyan. anglo sikh war te ek c te 3-4 jagaha te kiwe chal rahi c ikko war utto saal 1848 jdo angrej sara punjab 1845 ch apne under kar chukke c te oh 1848 ch kihna nal jang ladd rahe c. Script error: The function "citation198.168.27.221 14:54, 13 ਦਸੰਬਰ 2024 (UTC)'"`UNIQ--ref-00000015-QINU`"'</ref>" does not exist. A modern reference on the subject.
- Nakli itihaas jo likheya geya hai kade na vaapriya jo ohna de base te, saade te saada itihaas bna ke ehna ne thop dittiyan. anglo sikh war te ek c te 3-4 jagaha te kiwe chal rahi c ikko war utto saal 1848 jdo angrej sara punjab 1845 ch apne under kar chukke c te oh 1848 ch kihna nal jang ladd rahe c. Script error: The function "citation198.168.27.221 14:54, 13 ਦਸੰਬਰ 2024 (UTC)'"`UNIQ--ref-00000016-QINU`"'</ref>" does not exist.
- Nakli itihaas jo likheya geya hai kade na vaapriya jo ohna de base te, saade te saada itihaas bna ke ehna ne thop dittiyan. anglo sikh war te ek c te 3-4 jagaha te kiwe chal rahi c ikko war utto saal 1848 jdo angrej sara punjab 1845 ch apne under kar chukke c te oh 1848 ch kihna nal jang ladd rahe c. Script error: The function "citation198.168.27.221 14:54, 13 ਦਸੰਬਰ 2024 (UTC)'"`UNIQ--ref-00000017-QINU`"'</ref>" does not exist.
- Nakli itihaas jo likheya geya hai kade na vaapriya jo ohna de base te, saade te saada itihaas bna ke ehna ne thop dittiyan. anglo sikh war te ek c te 3-4 jagaha te kiwe chal rahi c ikko war utto saal 1848 jdo angrej sara punjab 1845 ch apne under kar chukke c te oh 1848 ch kihna nal jang ladd rahe c. Script error: The function "citation198.168.27.221 14:54, 13 ਦਸੰਬਰ 2024 (UTC)'"`UNIQ--ref-00000018-QINU`"'</ref>" does not exist.
- Nakli itihaas jo likheya geya hai kade na vaapriya jo ohna de base te, saade te saada itihaas bna ke ehna ne thop dittiyan. anglo sikh war te ek c te 3-4 jagaha te kiwe chal rahi c ikko war utto saal 1848 jdo angrej sara punjab 1845 ch apne under kar chukke c te oh 1848 ch kihna nal jang ladd rahe c. Script error: The function "citation198.168.27.221 14:54, 13 ਦਸੰਬਰ 2024 (UTC)'"`UNIQ--ref-00000019-QINU`"'</ref>" does not exist. Discusses the definition of Path Integrals for systems whose kinematical variables are the generators of a real separable, connected Lie group with irreducible, square integrable representations.
- Nakli itihaas jo likheya geya hai kade na vaapriya jo ohna de base te, saade te saada itihaas bna ke ehna ne thop dittiyan. anglo sikh war te ek c te 3-4 jagaha te kiwe chal rahi c ikko war utto saal 1848 jdo angrej sara punjab 1845 ch apne under kar chukke c te oh 1848 ch kihna nal jang ladd rahe c. Script error: The function "citation198.168.27.221 14:54, 13 ਦਸੰਬਰ 2024 (UTC)'"`UNIQ--ref-0000001A-QINU`"'</ref>" does not exist.
- Nakli itihaas jo likheya geya hai kade na vaapriya jo ohna de base te, saade te saada itihaas bna ke ehna ne thop dittiyan. anglo sikh war te ek c te 3-4 jagaha te kiwe chal rahi c ikko war utto saal 1848 jdo angrej sara punjab 1845 ch apne under kar chukke c te oh 1848 ch kihna nal jang ladd rahe c. Script error: The function "citation198.168.27.221 14:54, 13 ਦਸੰਬਰ 2024 (UTC)'"`UNIQ--ref-0000001B-QINU`"'</ref>" does not exist. Highly readable textbook; introduction to relativistic QFT for particle physics.
- Nakli itihaas jo likheya geya hai kade na vaapriya jo ohna de base te, saade te saada itihaas bna ke ehna ne thop dittiyan. anglo sikh war te ek c te 3-4 jagaha te kiwe chal rahi c ikko war utto saal 1848 jdo angrej sara punjab 1845 ch apne under kar chukke c te oh 1848 ch kihna nal jang ladd rahe c. Script error: The function "citation198.168.27.221 14:54, 13 ਦਸੰਬਰ 2024 (UTC)'"`UNIQ--ref-0000001C-QINU`"'</ref>" does not exist.
- Nakli itihaas jo likheya geya hai kade na vaapriya jo ohna de base te, saade te saada itihaas bna ke ehna ne thop dittiyan. anglo sikh war te ek c te 3-4 jagaha te kiwe chal rahi c ikko war utto saal 1848 jdo angrej sara punjab 1845 ch apne under kar chukke c te oh 1848 ch kihna nal jang ladd rahe c. Script error: The function "citation198.168.27.221 14:54, 13 ਦਸੰਬਰ 2024 (UTC)'"`UNIQ--ref-0000001D-QINU`"'</ref>" does not exist.
- Nakli itihaas jo likheya geya hai kade na vaapriya jo ohna de base te, saade te saada itihaas bna ke ehna ne thop dittiyan. anglo sikh war te ek c te 3-4 jagaha te kiwe chal rahi c ikko war utto saal 1848 jdo angrej sara punjab 1845 ch apne under kar chukke c te oh 1848 ch kihna nal jang ladd rahe c. Script error: The function "citation198.168.27.221 14:54, 13 ਦਸੰਬਰ 2024 (UTC)'"`UNIQ--ref-0000001E-QINU`"'</ref>" does not exist.
- Nakli itihaas jo likheya geya hai kade na vaapriya jo ohna de base te, saade te saada itihaas bna ke ehna ne thop dittiyan. anglo sikh war te ek c te 3-4 jagaha te kiwe chal rahi c ikko war utto saal 1848 jdo angrej sara punjab 1845 ch apne under kar chukke c te oh 1848 ch kihna nal jang ladd rahe c. Script error: The function "citation198.168.27.221 14:54, 13 ਦਸੰਬਰ 2024 (UTC)'"`UNIQ--ref-0000001F-QINU`"'</ref>" does not exist.
- Nakli itihaas jo likheya geya hai kade na vaapriya jo ohna de base te, saade te saada itihaas bna ke ehna ne thop dittiyan. anglo sikh war te ek c te 3-4 jagaha te kiwe chal rahi c ikko war utto saal 1848 jdo angrej sara punjab 1845 ch apne under kar chukke c te oh 1848 ch kihna nal jang ladd rahe c. Script error: The function "citation198.168.27.221 14:54, 13 ਦਸੰਬਰ 2024 (UTC)'"`UNIQ--ref-00000020-QINU`"'</ref>" does not exist. A mathematically rigorous introduction to Functional Integration
- Nakli itihaas jo likheya geya hai kade na vaapriya jo ohna de base te, saade te saada itihaas bna ke ehna ne thop dittiyan. anglo sikh war te ek c te 3-4 jagaha te kiwe chal rahi c ikko war utto saal 1848 jdo angrej sara punjab 1845 ch apne under kar chukke c te oh 1848 ch kihna nal jang ladd rahe c. Script error: The function "citation198.168.27.221 14:54, 13 ਦਸੰਬਰ 2024 (UTC)'"`UNIQ--ref-00000021-QINU`"'</ref>" does not exist.
- Nakli itihaas jo likheya geya hai kade na vaapriya jo ohna de base te, saade te saada itihaas bna ke ehna ne thop dittiyan. anglo sikh war te ek c te 3-4 jagaha te kiwe chal rahi c ikko war utto saal 1848 jdo angrej sara punjab 1845 ch apne under kar chukke c te oh 1848 ch kihna nal jang ladd rahe c. Script error: The function "citation198.168.27.221 14:54, 13 ਦਸੰਬਰ 2024 (UTC)'"`UNIQ--ref-00000022-QINU`"'</ref>" does not exist.
- Etingof, Pavel (2002). "Geometry and Quantum Field Theory". MIT OpenCourseWare. This course, designed for mathematicians, is a rigorous introduction to perturbative quantum field theory, using the language of functional integrals.
- Nakli itihaas jo likheya geya hai kade na vaapriya jo ohna de base te, saade te saada itihaas bna ke ehna ne thop dittiyan. anglo sikh war te ek c te 3-4 jagaha te kiwe chal rahi c ikko war utto saal 1848 jdo angrej sara punjab 1845 ch apne under kar chukke c te oh 1848 ch kihna nal jang ladd rahe c. Script error: The function "citation198.168.27.221 14:54, 13 ਦਸੰਬਰ 2024 (UTC)'"`UNIQ--ref-00000025-QINU`"'</ref>" does not exist. A great introduction to Path Integrals (Chapter 1) and QFT in general.
- Grosche, Christian (1992). "An Introduction into the Feynman Path Integral". arXiv:hep-th/9302097.
- MacKenzie, Richard (2000). "Path Integral Methods and Applications". arXiv:quant-ph/0004090.
- DeWitt-Morette, Cécile (1972). "Feynman's path integral: Definition without limiting procedure". Communication in Mathematical Physics. 28 (1): 47–67. Bibcode:1972CMaPh..28...47D. doi:10.1007/BF02099371. MR 0309456.
- Sinha, Sukanya; Sorkin, Rafael D. (1991). "A Sum-over-histories Account of an EPR(B) Experiment". Foundations of Physics Letters. 4 (4): 303–335. Bibcode:1991FoPhL...4..303S. doi:10.1007/BF00665892. Archived from the original on 2017-08-29. Retrieved 2016-06-26.
{{cite journal}}: Unknown parameter|dead-url=ignored (|url-status=suggested) (help) - Cartier, Pierre; DeWitt-Morette, Cécile (1995). "A new perspective on Functional Integration". Journal of Mathematical Physics. 36 (5): 2137–2340. arXiv:funct-an/9602005. Bibcode:1995JMP....36.2237C. doi:10.1063/1.531039.
